Subject: [GSoC][RFC PATCH v3 2/3] t6300: refactor tests to be shareable

From: Meet Soni <[email-masked]>
Date: Wed, 23 Jul 2025 12:13:12 +0530

In preparation for adding tests for the new `git refs list` command,
refactor the existing t6300 test suite to make its logic shareable.

Move the core test logic from `t6300-for-each-ref.sh` into a new
`for-each-ref-tests.sh` file. Inside this new script, replace hardcoded
calls to "git for-each-ref" with the `$git_for_each_ref` variable.

The original `t6300-for-each-ref.sh` script now becomes a simple
"driver". It is responsible for setting the default value of the
variable and then sourcing the test library.

This new structure follows the established pattern used for sharing
tests between `git-blame` and `git-annotate` and prepares the test suite
for the `refs list` tests to be added in a subsequent commit.

Mentored-by: Patrick Steinhardt <[email-masked]>
Mentored-by: shejialuo <[email-masked]>
Mentored-by: Karthik Nayak <[email-masked]>
Signed-off-by: Meet Soni <[email-masked]>
---
 t/for-each-ref-tests.sh | 2141 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 t/t6300-for-each-ref.sh | 2140 +-------------------------------------
 2 files changed, 2143 insertions(+), 2138 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 t/for-each-ref-tests.sh

diff --git a/t/for-each-ref-tests.sh b/t/for-each-ref-tests.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e3ad19298a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/for-each-ref-tests.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,2141 @@
+git_for_each_ref=${git_for_each_ref:-git for-each-ref}
+GNUPGHOME_NOT_USED=$GNUPGHOME
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-gpg.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-terminal.sh
+
+# Mon Jul 3 23:18:43 2006 +0000
+datestamp=1151968723
+setdate_and_increment () {
+    GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="$datestamp +0200"
+    datestamp=$(expr "$datestamp" + 1)
+    GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="$datestamp +0200"
+    datestamp=$(expr "$datestamp" + 1)
+    export GIT_COMMITTER_DATE GIT_AUTHOR_DATE
+}
+
+test_object_file_size () {
+	oid=$(git rev-parse "$1")
+	path=".git/objects/$(test_oid_to_path $oid)"
+	test_file_size "$path"
+}
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	# setup .mailmap
+	cat >.mailmap <<-EOF &&
+	A Thor <[email-masked]> A U Thor <[email-masked]>
+	C Mitter <[email-masked]> C O Mitter <[email-masked]>
+	EOF
+
+	setdate_and_increment &&
+	echo "Using $datestamp" > one &&
+	git add one &&
+	git commit -m "Initial" &&
+	git branch -M main &&
+	setdate_and_increment &&
+	git tag -a -m "Tagging at $datestamp" testtag &&
+	git update-ref refs/remotes/origin/main main &&
+	git remote add origin nowhere &&
+	git config branch.main.remote origin &&
+	git config branch.main.merge refs/heads/main &&
+	git remote add myfork elsewhere &&
+	git config remote.pushdefault myfork &&
+	git config push.default current
+'
+
+test_atom () {
+	case "$1" in
+		head) ref=refs/heads/main ;;
+		 tag) ref=refs/tags/testtag ;;
+		 sym) ref=refs/heads/sym ;;
+		   *) ref=$1 ;;
+	esac
+	format=$2
+	test_do=test_expect_${4:-success}
+
+	printf '%s\n' "$3" >expected
+	$test_do $PREREQ "basic atom: $ref $format" '
+		${git_for_each_ref} --format="%($format)" "$ref" >actual &&
+		sanitize_pgp <actual >actual.clean &&
+		test_cmp expected actual.clean
+	'
+
+	# Automatically test "contents:size" atom after testing "contents"
+	if test "$format" = "contents"
+	then
+		# for commit leg, $3 is changed there
+		expect=$(printf '%s' "$3" | wc -c)
+		$test_do $PREREQ "basic atom: $ref contents:size" '
+			type=$(git cat-file -t "$ref") &&
+			case $type in
+			tag)
+				# We cannot use $3 as it expects sanitize_pgp to run
+				git cat-file tag $ref >out &&
+				expect=$(tail -n +6 out | wc -c) &&
+				rm -f out ;;
+			tree | blob)
+				expect="" ;;
+			commit)
+				: "use the calculated expect" ;;
+			*)
+				BUG "unknown object type" ;;
+			esac &&
+			# Leave $expect unquoted to lose possible leading whitespaces
+			echo $expect >expected &&
+			${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(contents:size)" "$ref" >actual &&
+			test_cmp expected actual
+		'
+	fi
+}
+
+hexlen=$(test_oid hexsz)
+
+test_atom head refname refs/heads/main
+test_atom head refname: refs/heads/main
+test_atom head refname:short main
+test_atom head refname:lstrip=1 heads/main
+test_atom head refname:lstrip=2 main
+test_atom head refname:lstrip=-1 main
+test_atom head refname:lstrip=-2 heads/main
+test_atom head refname:rstrip=1 refs/heads
+test_atom head refname:rstrip=2 refs
+test_atom head refname:rstrip=-1 refs
+test_atom head refname:rstrip=-2 refs/heads
+test_atom head refname:strip=1 heads/main
+test_atom head refname:strip=2 main
+test_atom head refname:strip=-1 main
+test_atom head refname:strip=-2 heads/main
+test_atom head upstream refs/remotes/origin/main
+test_atom head upstream:short origin/main
+test_atom head upstream:lstrip=2 origin/main
+test_atom head upstream:lstrip=-2 origin/main
+test_atom head upstream:rstrip=2 refs/remotes
+test_atom head upstream:rstrip=-2 refs/remotes
+test_atom head upstream:strip=2 origin/main
+test_atom head upstream:strip=-2 origin/main
+test_atom head push refs/remotes/myfork/main
+test_atom head push:short myfork/main
+test_atom head push:lstrip=1 remotes/myfork/main
+test_atom head push:lstrip=-1 main
+test_atom head push:rstrip=1 refs/remotes/myfork
+test_atom head push:rstrip=-1 refs
+test_atom head push:strip=1 remotes/myfork/main
+test_atom head push:strip=-1 main
+test_atom head objecttype commit
+test_atom head objectsize $((131 + hexlen))
+test_atom head objectsize:disk $(test_object_file_size refs/heads/main)
+test_atom head deltabase $ZERO_OID
+test_atom head objectname $(git rev-parse refs/heads/main)
+test_atom head objectname:short $(git rev-parse --short refs/heads/main)
+test_atom head objectname:short=1 $(git rev-parse --short=1 refs/heads/main)
+test_atom head objectname:short=10 $(git rev-parse --short=10 refs/heads/main)
+test_atom head tree $(git rev-parse refs/heads/main^{tree})
+test_atom head tree:short $(git rev-parse --short refs/heads/main^{tree})
+test_atom head tree:short=1 $(git rev-parse --short=1 refs/heads/main^{tree})
+test_atom head tree:short=10 $(git rev-parse --short=10 refs/heads/main^{tree})
+test_atom head parent ''
+test_atom head parent:short ''
+test_atom head parent:short=1 ''
+test_atom head parent:short=10 ''
+test_atom head numparent 0
+test_atom head object ''
+test_atom head type ''
+test_atom head raw "$(git cat-file commit refs/heads/main)
+"
+test_atom head '*objectname' ''
+test_atom head '*objecttype' ''
+test_atom head author 'A U Thor <[email-masked]> 1151968724 +0200'
+test_atom head authorname 'A U Thor'
+test_atom head authorname:mailmap 'A Thor'
+test_atom head authoremail '<[email-masked]>'
+test_atom head authoremail:trim [email-masked]'
+test_atom head authoremail:localpart 'author'
+test_atom head authoremail:trim,localpart 'author'
+test_atom head authoremail:mailmap '<[email-masked]>'
+test_atom head authoremail:mailmap,trim [email-masked]'
+test_atom head authoremail:trim,mailmap [email-masked]'
+test_atom head authoremail:mailmap,localpart 'athor'
+test_atom head authoremail:localpart,mailmap 'athor'
+test_atom head authoremail:mailmap,trim,localpart,mailmap,trim 'athor'
+test_atom head authordate 'Tue Jul 4 01:18:44 2006 +0200'
+test_atom head committer 'C O Mitter <[email-masked]> 1151968723 +0200'
+test_atom head committername 'C O Mitter'
+test_atom head committername:mailmap 'C Mitter'
+test_atom head committeremail '<[email-masked]>'
+test_atom head committeremail:trim [email-masked]'
+test_atom head committeremail:localpart 'committer'
+test_atom head committeremail:localpart,trim 'committer'
+test_atom head committeremail:mailmap '<[email-masked]>'
+test_atom head committeremail:mailmap,trim [email-masked]'
+test_atom head committeremail:trim,mailmap [email-masked]'
+test_atom head committeremail:mailmap,localpart 'cmitter'
+test_atom head committeremail:localpart,mailmap 'cmitter'
+test_atom head committeremail:trim,mailmap,trim,trim,localpart 'cmitter'
+test_atom head committerdate 'Tue Jul 4 01:18:43 2006 +0200'
+test_atom head tag ''
+test_atom head tagger ''
+test_atom head taggername ''
+test_atom head taggeremail ''
+test_atom head taggeremail:trim ''
+test_atom head taggeremail:localpart ''
+test_atom head taggerdate ''
+test_atom head creator 'C O Mitter <[email-masked]> 1151968723 +0200'
+test_atom head creatordate 'Tue Jul 4 01:18:43 2006 +0200'
+test_atom head subject 'Initial'
+test_atom head subject:sanitize 'Initial'
+test_atom head contents:subject 'Initial'
+test_atom head body ''
+test_atom head contents:body ''
+test_atom head contents:signature ''
+test_atom head contents 'Initial
+'
+test_atom head HEAD '*'
+
+test_atom tag refname refs/tags/testtag
+test_atom tag refname:short testtag
+test_atom tag upstream ''
+test_atom tag push ''
+test_atom tag objecttype tag
+test_atom tag objectsize $((114 + hexlen))
+test_atom tag objectsize:disk $(test_object_file_size refs/tags/testtag)
+test_atom tag '*objectsize:disk' $(test_object_file_size refs/heads/main)
+test_atom tag deltabase $ZERO_OID
+test_atom tag '*deltabase' $ZERO_OID
+test_atom tag objectname $(git rev-parse refs/tags/testtag)
+test_atom tag objectname:short $(git rev-parse --short refs/tags/testtag)
+test_atom head objectname:short=1 $(git rev-parse --short=1 refs/heads/main)
+test_atom head objectname:short=10 $(git rev-parse --short=10 refs/heads/main)
+test_atom tag tree ''
+test_atom tag tree:short ''
+test_atom tag tree:short=1 ''
+test_atom tag tree:short=10 ''
+test_atom tag parent ''
+test_atom tag parent:short ''
+test_atom tag parent:short=1 ''
+test_atom tag parent:short=10 ''
+test_atom tag numparent ''
+test_atom tag object $(git rev-parse refs/tags/testtag^0)
+test_atom tag type 'commit'
+test_atom tag '*objectname' $(git rev-parse refs/tags/testtag^{})
+test_atom tag '*objecttype' 'commit'
+test_atom tag author ''
+test_atom tag authorname ''
+test_atom tag authorname:mailmap ''
+test_atom tag authoremail ''
+test_atom tag authoremail:trim ''
+test_atom tag authoremail:localpart ''
+test_atom tag authoremail:trim,localpart ''
+test_atom tag authoremail:mailmap ''
+test_atom tag authoremail:mailmap,trim ''
+test_atom tag authoremail:trim,mailmap ''
+test_atom tag authoremail:mailmap,localpart ''
+test_atom tag authoremail:localpart,mailmap ''
+test_atom tag authoremail:mailmap,trim,localpart,mailmap,trim ''
+test_atom tag authordate ''
+test_atom tag committer ''
+test_atom tag committername ''
+test_atom tag committername:mailmap ''
+test_atom tag committeremail ''
+test_atom tag committeremail:trim ''
+test_atom tag committeremail:localpart ''
+test_atom tag committeremail:localpart,trim ''
+test_atom tag committeremail:mailmap ''
+test_atom tag committeremail:mailmap,trim ''
+test_atom tag committeremail:trim,mailmap ''
+test_atom tag committeremail:mailmap,localpart ''
+test_atom tag committeremail:localpart,mailmap ''
+test_atom tag committeremail:trim,mailmap,trim,trim,localpart ''
+test_atom tag committerdate ''
+test_atom tag tag 'testtag'
+test_atom tag tagger 'C O Mitter <[email-masked]> 1151968725 +0200'
+test_atom tag taggername 'C O Mitter'
+test_atom tag taggername:mailmap 'C Mitter'
+test_atom tag taggeremail '<[email-masked]>'
+test_atom tag taggeremail:trim [email-masked]'
+test_atom tag taggeremail:localpart 'committer'
+test_atom tag taggeremail:trim,localpart 'committer'
+test_atom tag taggeremail:mailmap '<[email-masked]>'
+test_atom tag taggeremail:mailmap,trim [email-masked]'
+test_atom tag taggeremail:trim,mailmap [email-masked]'
+test_atom tag taggeremail:mailmap,localpart 'cmitter'
+test_atom tag taggeremail:localpart,mailmap 'cmitter'
+test_atom tag taggeremail:trim,mailmap,trim,localpart,localpart 'cmitter'
+test_atom tag taggerdate 'Tue Jul 4 01:18:45 2006 +0200'
+test_atom tag creator 'C O Mitter <[email-masked]> 1151968725 +0200'
+test_atom tag creatordate 'Tue Jul 4 01:18:45 2006 +0200'
+test_atom tag subject 'Tagging at 1151968727'
+test_atom tag subject:sanitize 'Tagging-at-1151968727'
+test_atom tag contents:subject 'Tagging at 1151968727'
+test_atom tag body ''
+test_atom tag contents:body ''
+test_atom tag contents:signature ''
+test_atom tag contents 'Tagging at 1151968727
+'
+test_atom tag HEAD ' '
+
+test_expect_success 'basic atom: refs/tags/testtag *raw' '
+	git cat-file commit refs/tags/testtag^{} >expected &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(*raw)" refs/tags/testtag >actual &&
+	sanitize_pgp <expected >expected.clean &&
+	echo >>expected.clean &&
+	sanitize_pgp <actual >actual.clean &&
+	test_cmp expected.clean actual.clean
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Check invalid atoms names are errors' '
+	test_must_fail ${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(INVALID)" refs/heads
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Check format specifiers are ignored in naming date atoms' '
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(authordate)" refs/heads &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(authordate:default) %(authordate)" refs/heads &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(authordate) %(authordate:default)" refs/heads &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(authordate:default) %(authordate:default)" refs/heads
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Check valid format specifiers for date fields' '
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(authordate:default)" refs/heads &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(authordate:relative)" refs/heads &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(authordate:short)" refs/heads &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(authordate:local)" refs/heads &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(authordate:iso8601)" refs/heads &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(authordate:rfc2822)" refs/heads
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Check invalid format specifiers are errors' '
+	test_must_fail ${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(authordate:INVALID)" refs/heads
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'arguments to %(objectname:short=) must be positive integers' '
+	test_must_fail ${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(objectname:short=0)" &&
+	test_must_fail ${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(objectname:short=-1)" &&
+	test_must_fail ${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(objectname:short=foo)"
+'
+
+test_bad_atom () {
+	case "$1" in
+	head) ref=refs/heads/main ;;
+	 tag) ref=refs/tags/testtag ;;
+	 sym) ref=refs/heads/sym ;;
+	   *) ref=$1 ;;
+	esac
+	format=$2
+	test_do=test_expect_${4:-success}
+
+	printf '%s\n' "$3" >expect
+	$test_do $PREREQ "err basic atom: $ref $format" '
+		test_must_fail ${git_for_each_ref} \
+			--format="%($format)" "$ref" 2>error &&
+		test_cmp expect error
+	'
+}
+
+test_bad_atom head 'authoremail:foo' \
+	'fatal: unrecognized %(authoremail) argument: foo'
+
+test_bad_atom head 'authoremail:mailmap,trim,bar' \
+	'fatal: unrecognized %(authoremail) argument: bar'
+
+test_bad_atom head 'authoremail:trim,' \
+	'fatal: unrecognized %(authoremail) argument: '
+
+test_bad_atom head 'authoremail:mailmaptrim' \
+	'fatal: unrecognized %(authoremail) argument: trim'
+
+test_bad_atom head 'committeremail: ' \
+	'fatal: unrecognized %(committeremail) argument:  '
+
+test_bad_atom head 'committeremail: trim,foo' \
+	'fatal: unrecognized %(committeremail) argument:  trim,foo'
+
+test_bad_atom head 'committeremail:mailmap,localpart ' \
+	'fatal: unrecognized %(committeremail) argument:  '
+
+test_bad_atom head 'committeremail:trim_localpart' \
+	'fatal: unrecognized %(committeremail) argument: _localpart'
+
+test_bad_atom head 'committeremail:localpart,,,trim' \
+	'fatal: unrecognized %(committeremail) argument: ,,trim'
+
+test_bad_atom tag 'taggeremail:mailmap,trim, foo ' \
+	'fatal: unrecognized %(taggeremail) argument:  foo '
+
+test_bad_atom tag 'taggeremail:trim,localpart,' \
+	'fatal: unrecognized %(taggeremail) argument: '
+
+test_bad_atom tag 'taggeremail:mailmap;localpart trim' \
+	'fatal: unrecognized %(taggeremail) argument: ;localpart trim'
+
+test_bad_atom tag 'taggeremail:localpart trim' \
+	'fatal: unrecognized %(taggeremail) argument:  trim'
+
+test_bad_atom tag 'taggeremail:mailmap,mailmap,trim,qux,localpart,trim' \
+	'fatal: unrecognized %(taggeremail) argument: qux,localpart,trim'
+
+test_date () {
+	f=$1 &&
+	committer_date=$2 &&
+	author_date=$3 &&
+	tagger_date=$4 &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	'refs/heads/main' '$committer_date' '$author_date'
+	'refs/tags/testtag' '$tagger_date'
+	EOF
+	(
+		${git_for_each_ref} --shell \
+			--format="%(refname) %(committerdate${f:+:$f}) %(authordate${f:+:$f})" \
+			refs/heads &&
+		${git_for_each_ref} --shell \
+			--format="%(refname) %(taggerdate${f:+:$f})" \
+			refs/tags
+	) >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'Check unformatted date fields output' '
+	test_date "" \
+		"Tue Jul 4 01:18:43 2006 +0200" \
+		"Tue Jul 4 01:18:44 2006 +0200" \
+		"Tue Jul 4 01:18:45 2006 +0200"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Check format "default" formatted date fields output' '
+	test_date default \
+		"Tue Jul 4 01:18:43 2006 +0200" \
+		"Tue Jul 4 01:18:44 2006 +0200" \
+		"Tue Jul 4 01:18:45 2006 +0200"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Check format "default-local" date fields output' '
+	test_date default-local "Mon Jul 3 23:18:43 2006" "Mon Jul 3 23:18:44 2006" "Mon Jul 3 23:18:45 2006"
+'
+
+# Don't know how to do relative check because I can't know when this script
+# is going to be run and can't fake the current time to git, and hence can't
+# provide expected output.  Instead, I'll just make sure that "relative"
+# doesn't exit in error
+test_expect_success 'Check format "relative" date fields output' '
+	f=relative &&
+	(${git_for_each_ref} --shell --format="%(refname) %(committerdate:$f) %(authordate:$f)" refs/heads &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} --shell --format="%(refname) %(taggerdate:$f)" refs/tags) >actual
+'
+
+# We just check that this is the same as "relative" for now.
+test_expect_success 'Check format "relative-local" date fields output' '
+	test_date relative-local \
+		"$(${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(committerdate:relative)" refs/heads)" \
+		"$(${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(authordate:relative)" refs/heads)" \
+		"$(${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(taggerdate:relative)" refs/tags)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Check format "short" date fields output' '
+	test_date short 2006-07-04 2006-07-04 2006-07-04
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Check format "short-local" date fields output' '
+	test_date short-local 2006-07-03 2006-07-03 2006-07-03
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Check format "local" date fields output' '
+	test_date local \
+		"Mon Jul 3 23:18:43 2006" \
+		"Mon Jul 3 23:18:44 2006" \
+		"Mon Jul 3 23:18:45 2006"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Check format "iso8601" date fields output' '
+	test_date iso8601 \
+		"2006-07-04 01:18:43 +0200" \
+		"2006-07-04 01:18:44 +0200" \
+		"2006-07-04 01:18:45 +0200"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Check format "iso8601-local" date fields output' '
+	test_date iso8601-local "2006-07-03 23:18:43 +0000" "2006-07-03 23:18:44 +0000" "2006-07-03 23:18:45 +0000"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Check format "rfc2822" date fields output' '
+	test_date rfc2822 \
+		"Tue, 4 Jul 2006 01:18:43 +0200" \
+		"Tue, 4 Jul 2006 01:18:44 +0200" \
+		"Tue, 4 Jul 2006 01:18:45 +0200"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Check format "rfc2822-local" date fields output' '
+	test_date rfc2822-local "Mon, 3 Jul 2006 23:18:43 +0000" "Mon, 3 Jul 2006 23:18:44 +0000" "Mon, 3 Jul 2006 23:18:45 +0000"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Check format "raw" date fields output' '
+	test_date raw "1151968723 +0200" "1151968724 +0200" "1151968725 +0200"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Check format "raw-local" date fields output' '
+	test_date raw-local "1151968723 +0000" "1151968724 +0000" "1151968725 +0000"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Check format of strftime date fields' '
+	echo "my date is 2006-07-04" >expected &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} \
+	  --format="%(authordate:format:my date is %Y-%m-%d)" \
+	  refs/heads >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Check format of strftime-local date fields' '
+	echo "my date is 2006-07-03" >expected &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} \
+	  --format="%(authordate:format-local:my date is %Y-%m-%d)" \
+	  refs/heads >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'exercise strftime with odd fields' '
+	echo >expected &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(authordate:format:)" refs/heads >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+	long="long format -- $ZERO_OID$ZERO_OID$ZERO_OID$ZERO_OID$ZERO_OID$ZERO_OID$ZERO_OID" &&
+	echo $long >expected &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(authordate:format:$long)" refs/heads >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+refs/heads/main
+refs/remotes/origin/main
+refs/tags/testtag
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Verify ascending sort' '
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(refname)" --sort=refname >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+refs/tags/testtag
+refs/remotes/origin/main
+refs/heads/main
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Verify descending sort' '
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(refname)" --sort=-refname >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Give help even with invalid sort atoms' '
+	test_expect_code 129 ${git_for_each_ref} --sort=bogus -h >actual 2>&1 &&
+	grep "^usage: ${git_for_each_ref}" actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+refs/tags/testtag
+refs/tags/testtag-2
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'exercise patterns with prefixes' '
+	git tag testtag-2 &&
+	test_when_finished "git tag -d testtag-2" &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(refname)" \
+		refs/tags/testtag refs/tags/testtag-2 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+refs/tags/testtag
+refs/tags/testtag-2
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'exercise glob patterns with prefixes' '
+	git tag testtag-2 &&
+	test_when_finished "git tag -d testtag-2" &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(refname)" \
+		refs/tags/testtag "refs/tags/testtag-*" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+refs/tags/bar
+refs/tags/baz
+refs/tags/testtag
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'exercise patterns with prefix exclusions' '
+	for tag in foo/one foo/two foo/three bar baz
+	do
+		git tag "$tag" || return 1
+	done &&
+	test_when_finished "git tag -d foo/one foo/two foo/three bar baz" &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(refname)" \
+		refs/tags/ --exclude=refs/tags/foo >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+refs/tags/bar
+refs/tags/baz
+refs/tags/foo/one
+refs/tags/testtag
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'exercise patterns with pattern exclusions' '
+	for tag in foo/one foo/two foo/three bar baz
+	do
+		git tag "$tag" || return 1
+	done &&
+	test_when_finished "git tag -d foo/one foo/two foo/three bar baz" &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(refname)" \
+		refs/tags/ --exclude="refs/tags/foo/t*" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+'refs/heads/main'
+'refs/remotes/origin/main'
+'refs/tags/testtag'
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Quoting style: shell' '
+	${git_for_each_ref} --shell --format="%(refname)" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Quoting style: perl' '
+	${git_for_each_ref} --perl --format="%(refname)" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Quoting style: python' '
+	${git_for_each_ref} --python --format="%(refname)" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+"refs/heads/main"
+"refs/remotes/origin/main"
+"refs/tags/testtag"
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Quoting style: tcl' '
+	${git_for_each_ref} --tcl --format="%(refname)" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+for i in "--perl --shell" "-s --python" "--python --tcl" "--tcl --perl"; do
+	test_expect_success "more than one quoting style: $i" "
+		test_must_fail ${git_for_each_ref} $i 2>err &&
+		grep '^error: more than one quoting style' err
+	"
+done
+
+test_expect_success 'setup for upstream:track[short]' '
+	test_commit two
+'
+
+test_atom head upstream:track '[ahead 1]'
+test_atom head upstream:trackshort '>'
+test_atom head upstream:track,nobracket 'ahead 1'
+test_atom head upstream:nobracket,track 'ahead 1'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup for push:track[short]' '
+	test_commit third &&
+	git update-ref refs/remotes/myfork/main main &&
+	git reset main~1
+'
+
+test_atom head push:track '[behind 1]'
+test_atom head push:trackshort '<'
+
+test_expect_success 'Check that :track[short] cannot be used with other atoms' '
+	test_must_fail ${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(refname:track)" 2>/dev/null &&
+	test_must_fail ${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(refname:trackshort)" 2>/dev/null
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Check that :track[short] works when upstream is invalid' '
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	[gone]
+
+	EOF
+	test_when_finished "git config branch.main.merge refs/heads/main" &&
+	git config branch.main.merge refs/heads/does-not-exist &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} \
+		--format="%(upstream:track)$LF%(upstream:trackshort)" \
+		refs/heads >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Check for invalid refname format' '
+	test_must_fail ${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(refname:INVALID)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'set up color tests' '
+	cat >expected.color <<-EOF &&
+	$(git rev-parse --short refs/heads/main) <GREEN>main<RESET>
+	$(git rev-parse --short refs/remotes/myfork/main) <GREEN>myfork/main<RESET>
+	$(git rev-parse --short refs/remotes/origin/main) <GREEN>origin/main<RESET>
+	$(git rev-parse --short refs/tags/testtag) <GREEN>testtag<RESET>
+	$(git rev-parse --short refs/tags/third) <GREEN>third<RESET>
+	$(git rev-parse --short refs/tags/two) <GREEN>two<RESET>
+	EOF
+	sed "s/<[^>]*>//g" <expected.color >expected.bare &&
+	color_format="%(objectname:short) %(color:green)%(refname:short)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success TTY '%(color) shows color with a tty' '
+	test_terminal ${git_for_each_ref} --format="$color_format" >actual.raw &&
+	test_decode_color <actual.raw >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected.color actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '%(color) does not show color without tty' '
+	TERM=vt100 ${git_for_each_ref} --format="$color_format" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected.bare actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--color can override tty check' '
+	${git_for_each_ref} --color --format="$color_format" >actual.raw &&
+	test_decode_color <actual.raw >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected.color actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'color.ui=always does not override tty check' '
+	git -c color.ui=always ${git_for_each_ref#git} --format="$color_format" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected.bare actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup for describe atom tests' '
+	git init -b master describe-repo &&
+	(
+		cd describe-repo &&
+
+		test_commit --no-tag one &&
+		git tag tagone &&
+
+		test_commit --no-tag two &&
+		git tag -a -m "tag two" tagtwo
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'describe atom vs git describe' '
+	(
+		cd describe-repo &&
+
+		${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(objectname)" \
+			refs/tags/ >obj &&
+		while read hash
+		do
+			if desc=$(git describe $hash)
+			then
+				: >expect-contains-good
+			else
+				: >expect-contains-bad
+			fi &&
+			echo "$hash $desc" || return 1
+		done <obj >expect &&
+		test_path_exists expect-contains-good &&
+		test_path_exists expect-contains-bad &&
+
+		${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(objectname) %(describe)" \
+			refs/tags/ >actual 2>err &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+		test_must_be_empty err
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'describe:tags vs describe --tags' '
+	(
+		cd describe-repo &&
+		git describe --tags >expect &&
+		${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(describe:tags)" \
+				refs/heads/master >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'describe:abbrev=... vs describe --abbrev=...' '
+	(
+		cd describe-repo &&
+
+		# Case 1: We have commits between HEAD and the most
+		#	  recent tag reachable from it
+		test_commit --no-tag file &&
+		git describe --abbrev=14 >expect &&
+		${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(describe:abbrev=14)" \
+			refs/heads/master >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		# Make sure the hash used is at least 14 digits long
+		sed -e "s/^.*-g\([0-9a-f]*\)$/\1/" <actual >hexpart &&
+		test 15 -le $(wc -c <hexpart) &&
+
+		# Case 2: We have a tag at HEAD, describe directly gives
+		#	  the name of the tag
+		git tag -a -m tagged tagname &&
+		git describe --abbrev=14 >expect &&
+		${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(describe:abbrev=14)" \
+			refs/heads/master >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+		test tagname = $(cat actual)
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'describe:match=... vs describe --match ...' '
+	(
+		cd describe-repo &&
+		git tag -a -m "tag foo" tag-foo &&
+		git describe --match "*-foo" >expect &&
+		${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(describe:match="*-foo")" \
+			refs/heads/master >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'describe:exclude:... vs describe --exclude ...' '
+	(
+		cd describe-repo &&
+		git tag -a -m "tag bar" tag-bar &&
+		git describe --exclude "*-bar" >expect &&
+		${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(describe:exclude="*-bar")" \
+			refs/heads/master >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'deref with describe atom' '
+	(
+		cd describe-repo &&
+		cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+
+		tagname
+		tagname
+		tagname
+
+		tagtwo
+		EOF
+		${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(*describe)" >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'err on bad describe atom arg' '
+	(
+		cd describe-repo &&
+
+		# The bad arg is the only arg passed to describe atom
+		cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+		fatal: unrecognized %(describe) argument: baz
+		EOF
+		test_must_fail ${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(describe:baz)" \
+			refs/heads/master 2>actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		# The bad arg is in the middle of the option string
+		# passed to the describe atom
+		cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+		fatal: unrecognized %(describe) argument: qux=1,abbrev=14
+		EOF
+		test_must_fail ${git_for_each_ref} \
+			--format="%(describe:tags,qux=1,abbrev=14)" \
+			ref/heads/master 2>actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+heads/main
+tags/main
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Check ambiguous head and tag refs (strict)' '
+	git config --bool core.warnambiguousrefs true &&
+	git checkout -b newtag &&
+	echo "Using $datestamp" > one &&
+	git add one &&
+	git commit -m "Branch" &&
+	setdate_and_increment &&
+	git tag -m "Tagging at $datestamp" main &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format "%(refname:short)" refs/heads/main refs/tags/main >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+heads/main
+main
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Check ambiguous head and tag refs (loose)' '
+	git config --bool core.warnambiguousrefs false &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format "%(refname:short)" refs/heads/main refs/tags/main >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+heads/ambiguous
+ambiguous
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Check ambiguous head and tag refs II (loose)' '
+	git checkout main &&
+	git tag ambiguous testtag^0 &&
+	git branch ambiguous testtag^0 &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format "%(refname:short)" refs/heads/ambiguous refs/tags/ambiguous >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create tag without tagger' '
+	git tag -a -m "Broken tag" taggerless &&
+	git tag -f taggerless $(git cat-file tag taggerless |
+		sed -e "/^tagger /d" |
+		git hash-object --literally --stdin -w -t tag)
+'
+
+test_atom refs/tags/taggerless type 'commit'
+test_atom refs/tags/taggerless tag 'taggerless'
+test_atom refs/tags/taggerless tagger ''
+test_atom refs/tags/taggerless taggername ''
+test_atom refs/tags/taggerless taggeremail ''
+test_atom refs/tags/taggerless taggeremail:trim ''
+test_atom refs/tags/taggerless taggeremail:localpart ''
+test_atom refs/tags/taggerless taggerdate ''
+test_atom refs/tags/taggerless committer ''
+test_atom refs/tags/taggerless committername ''
+test_atom refs/tags/taggerless committeremail ''
+test_atom refs/tags/taggerless committeremail:trim ''
+test_atom refs/tags/taggerless committeremail:localpart ''
+test_atom refs/tags/taggerless committerdate ''
+test_atom refs/tags/taggerless subject 'Broken tag'
+
+test_expect_success 'an unusual tag with an incomplete line' '
+
+	git tag -m "bogo" bogo &&
+	bogo=$(git cat-file tag bogo) &&
+	bogo=$(printf "%s" "$bogo" | git mktag) &&
+	git tag -f bogo "$bogo" &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format "%(body)" refs/tags/bogo
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create tag with subject and body content' '
+	cat >>msg <<-\EOF &&
+		the subject line
+
+		first body line
+		second body line
+	EOF
+	git tag -F msg subject-body
+'
+test_atom refs/tags/subject-body subject 'the subject line'
+test_atom refs/tags/subject-body subject:sanitize 'the-subject-line'
+test_atom refs/tags/subject-body body 'first body line
+second body line
+'
+test_atom refs/tags/subject-body contents 'the subject line
+
+first body line
+second body line
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create tag with multiline subject' '
+	cat >msg <<-\EOF &&
+		first subject line
+		second subject line
+
+		first body line
+		second body line
+	EOF
+	git tag -F msg multiline
+'
+test_atom refs/tags/multiline subject 'first subject line second subject line'
+test_atom refs/tags/multiline subject:sanitize 'first-subject-line-second-subject-line'
+test_atom refs/tags/multiline contents:subject 'first subject line second subject line'
+test_atom refs/tags/multiline body 'first body line
+second body line
+'
+test_atom refs/tags/multiline contents:body 'first body line
+second body line
+'
+test_atom refs/tags/multiline contents:signature ''
+test_atom refs/tags/multiline contents 'first subject line
+second subject line
+
+first body line
+second body line
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'create signed tags' '
+	git tag -s -m "" signed-empty &&
+	git tag -s -m "subject line" signed-short &&
+	cat >msg <<-\EOF &&
+	subject line
+
+	body contents
+	EOF
+	git tag -s -F msg signed-long
+'
+
+sig='-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
+-----END PGP SIGNATURE-----
+'
+
+PREREQ=GPG
+test_atom refs/tags/signed-empty subject ''
+test_atom refs/tags/signed-empty subject:sanitize ''
+test_atom refs/tags/signed-empty contents:subject ''
+test_atom refs/tags/signed-empty body "$sig"
+test_atom refs/tags/signed-empty contents:body ''
+test_atom refs/tags/signed-empty contents:signature "$sig"
+test_atom refs/tags/signed-empty contents "$sig"
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'basic atom: refs/tags/signed-empty raw' '
+	git cat-file tag refs/tags/signed-empty >expected &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(raw)" refs/tags/signed-empty >actual &&
+	sanitize_pgp <expected >expected.clean &&
+	echo >>expected.clean &&
+	sanitize_pgp <actual >actual.clean &&
+	test_cmp expected.clean actual.clean
+'
+
+test_atom refs/tags/signed-short subject 'subject line'
+test_atom refs/tags/signed-short subject:sanitize 'subject-line'
+test_atom refs/tags/signed-short contents:subject 'subject line'
+test_atom refs/tags/signed-short body "$sig"
+test_atom refs/tags/signed-short contents:body ''
+test_atom refs/tags/signed-short contents:signature "$sig"
+test_atom refs/tags/signed-short contents "subject line
+$sig"
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'basic atom: refs/tags/signed-short raw' '
+	git cat-file tag refs/tags/signed-short >expected &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(raw)" refs/tags/signed-short >actual &&
+	sanitize_pgp <expected >expected.clean &&
+	echo >>expected.clean &&
+	sanitize_pgp <actual >actual.clean &&
+	test_cmp expected.clean actual.clean
+'
+
+test_atom refs/tags/signed-long subject 'subject line'
+test_atom refs/tags/signed-long subject:sanitize 'subject-line'
+test_atom refs/tags/signed-long contents:subject 'subject line'
+test_atom refs/tags/signed-long body "body contents
+$sig"
+test_atom refs/tags/signed-long contents:body 'body contents
+'
+test_atom refs/tags/signed-long contents:signature "$sig"
+test_atom refs/tags/signed-long contents "subject line
+
+body contents
+$sig"
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'basic atom: refs/tags/signed-long raw' '
+	git cat-file tag refs/tags/signed-long >expected &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(raw)" refs/tags/signed-long >actual &&
+	sanitize_pgp <expected >expected.clean &&
+	echo >>expected.clean &&
+	sanitize_pgp <actual >actual.clean &&
+	test_cmp expected.clean actual.clean
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'set up refs pointing to tree and blob' '
+	git update-ref refs/mytrees/first refs/heads/main^{tree} &&
+	git update-ref refs/myblobs/first refs/heads/main:one
+'
+
+test_atom refs/mytrees/first subject ""
+test_atom refs/mytrees/first contents:subject ""
+test_atom refs/mytrees/first body ""
+test_atom refs/mytrees/first contents:body ""
+test_atom refs/mytrees/first contents:signature ""
+test_atom refs/mytrees/first contents ""
+
+test_expect_success 'basic atom: refs/mytrees/first raw' '
+	git cat-file tree refs/mytrees/first >expected &&
+	echo >>expected &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(raw)" refs/mytrees/first >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+	git cat-file -s refs/mytrees/first >expected &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(raw:size)" refs/mytrees/first >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_atom refs/myblobs/first subject ""
+test_atom refs/myblobs/first contents:subject ""
+test_atom refs/myblobs/first body ""
+test_atom refs/myblobs/first contents:body ""
+test_atom refs/myblobs/first contents:signature ""
+test_atom refs/myblobs/first contents ""
+
+test_expect_success 'basic atom: refs/myblobs/first raw' '
+	git cat-file blob refs/myblobs/first >expected &&
+	echo >>expected &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(raw)" refs/myblobs/first >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+	git cat-file -s refs/myblobs/first >expected &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(raw:size)" refs/myblobs/first >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'set up refs pointing to binary blob' '
+	printf "a\0b\0c" >blob1 &&
+	printf "a\0c\0b" >blob2 &&
+	printf "\0a\0b\0c" >blob3 &&
+	printf "abc" >blob4 &&
+	printf "\0 \0 \0 " >blob5 &&
+	printf "\0 \0a\0 " >blob6 &&
+	printf "  " >blob7 &&
+	>blob8 &&
+	obj=$(git hash-object -w blob1) &&
+	git update-ref refs/myblobs/blob1 "$obj" &&
+	obj=$(git hash-object -w blob2) &&
+	git update-ref refs/myblobs/blob2 "$obj" &&
+	obj=$(git hash-object -w blob3) &&
+	git update-ref refs/myblobs/blob3 "$obj" &&
+	obj=$(git hash-object -w blob4) &&
+	git update-ref refs/myblobs/blob4 "$obj" &&
+	obj=$(git hash-object -w blob5) &&
+	git update-ref refs/myblobs/blob5 "$obj" &&
+	obj=$(git hash-object -w blob6) &&
+	git update-ref refs/myblobs/blob6 "$obj" &&
+	obj=$(git hash-object -w blob7) &&
+	git update-ref refs/myblobs/blob7 "$obj" &&
+	obj=$(git hash-object -w blob8) &&
+	git update-ref refs/myblobs/blob8 "$obj"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Verify sorts with raw' '
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	refs/myblobs/blob8
+	refs/myblobs/blob5
+	refs/myblobs/blob6
+	refs/myblobs/blob3
+	refs/myblobs/blob7
+	refs/mytrees/first
+	refs/myblobs/first
+	refs/myblobs/blob1
+	refs/myblobs/blob2
+	refs/myblobs/blob4
+	refs/heads/main
+	EOF
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(refname)" --sort=raw \
+		refs/heads/main refs/myblobs/ refs/mytrees/first >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Verify sorts with raw:size' '
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	refs/myblobs/blob8
+	refs/myblobs/blob7
+	refs/myblobs/blob4
+	refs/myblobs/blob1
+	refs/myblobs/blob2
+	refs/myblobs/blob3
+	refs/myblobs/blob5
+	refs/myblobs/blob6
+	refs/myblobs/first
+	refs/mytrees/first
+	refs/heads/main
+	EOF
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(refname)" --sort=raw:size \
+		refs/heads/main refs/myblobs/ refs/mytrees/first >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'validate raw atom with %(if:equals)' '
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	not equals
+	not equals
+	not equals
+	not equals
+	not equals
+	not equals
+	refs/myblobs/blob4
+	not equals
+	not equals
+	not equals
+	not equals
+	not equals
+	EOF
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(if:equals=abc)%(raw)%(then)%(refname)%(else)not equals%(end)" \
+		refs/myblobs/ refs/heads/ >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'validate raw atom with %(if:notequals)' '
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	refs/heads/ambiguous
+	refs/heads/main
+	refs/heads/newtag
+	refs/myblobs/blob1
+	refs/myblobs/blob2
+	refs/myblobs/blob3
+	equals
+	refs/myblobs/blob5
+	refs/myblobs/blob6
+	refs/myblobs/blob7
+	refs/myblobs/blob8
+	refs/myblobs/first
+	EOF
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(if:notequals=abc)%(raw)%(then)%(refname)%(else)equals%(end)" \
+		refs/myblobs/ refs/heads/ >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'empty raw refs with %(if)' '
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	refs/myblobs/blob1 not empty
+	refs/myblobs/blob2 not empty
+	refs/myblobs/blob3 not empty
+	refs/myblobs/blob4 not empty
+	refs/myblobs/blob5 not empty
+	refs/myblobs/blob6 not empty
+	refs/myblobs/blob7 empty
+	refs/myblobs/blob8 empty
+	refs/myblobs/first not empty
+	EOF
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(refname) %(if)%(raw)%(then)not empty%(else)empty%(end)" \
+		refs/myblobs/ >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '%(raw) with --python must fail' '
+	test_must_fail ${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(raw)" --python
+'
+
+test_expect_success '%(raw) with --tcl must fail' '
+	test_must_fail ${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(raw)" --tcl
+'
+
+test_expect_success PERL_TEST_HELPERS '%(raw) with --perl' '
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="\$name= %(raw);
+print \"\$name\"" refs/myblobs/blob1 --perl | perl >actual &&
+	cmp blob1 actual &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="\$name= %(raw);
+print \"\$name\"" refs/myblobs/blob3 --perl | perl >actual &&
+	cmp blob3 actual &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="\$name= %(raw);
+print \"\$name\"" refs/myblobs/blob8 --perl | perl >actual &&
+	cmp blob8 actual &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="\$name= %(raw);
+print \"\$name\"" refs/myblobs/first --perl | perl >actual &&
+	cmp one actual &&
+	git cat-file tree refs/mytrees/first > expected &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="\$name= %(raw);
+print \"\$name\"" refs/mytrees/first --perl | perl >actual &&
+	cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '%(raw) with --shell must fail' '
+	test_must_fail ${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(raw)" --shell
+'
+
+test_expect_success '%(raw) with --shell and --sort=raw must fail' '
+	test_must_fail ${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(raw)" --sort=raw --shell
+'
+
+test_expect_success '%(raw:size) with --shell' '
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(raw:size)" | sed "s/^/$SQ/;s/$/$SQ/" >expect &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(raw:size)" --shell >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "${git_for_each_ref} --format compare with cat-file --batch" '
+	git rev-parse refs/mytrees/first | git cat-file --batch >expected &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(objectname) %(objecttype) %(objectsize)
+%(raw)" refs/mytrees/first >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify sorts with contents:size' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	refs/heads/main
+	refs/heads/newtag
+	refs/heads/ambiguous
+	EOF
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(refname)" \
+		--sort=contents:size refs/heads/ >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'set up multiple-sort tags' '
+	for when in 100000 200000
+	do
+		for email in user1 user2
+		do
+			for ref in ref1 ref2
+			do
+				GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="@$when +0000" \
+				GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL="[email-masked]" \
+				git tag -m "tag $ref-$when-$email" \
+				multi-$ref-$when-$email || return 1
+			done
+		done
+	done
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Verify sort with multiple keys' '
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	100000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref2-100000-user1
+	100000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref1-100000-user1
+	100000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref2-100000-user2
+	100000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref1-100000-user2
+	200000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref2-200000-user1
+	200000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref1-200000-user1
+	200000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref2-200000-user2
+	200000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref1-200000-user2
+	EOF
+	${git_for_each_ref} \
+		--format="%(taggerdate:unix) %(taggeremail) %(refname)" \
+		--sort=-refname \
+		--sort=taggeremail \
+		--sort=taggerdate \
+		"refs/tags/multi-*" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'equivalent sorts fall back on refname' '
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	100000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref1-100000-user1
+	100000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref1-100000-user2
+	100000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref2-100000-user1
+	100000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref2-100000-user2
+	200000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref1-200000-user1
+	200000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref1-200000-user2
+	200000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref2-200000-user1
+	200000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref2-200000-user2
+	EOF
+	${git_for_each_ref} \
+		--format="%(taggerdate:unix) %(taggeremail) %(refname)" \
+		--sort=taggerdate \
+		"refs/tags/multi-*" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--no-sort cancels the previous sort keys' '
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	100000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref1-100000-user1
+	100000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref1-100000-user2
+	100000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref2-100000-user1
+	100000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref2-100000-user2
+	200000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref1-200000-user1
+	200000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref1-200000-user2
+	200000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref2-200000-user1
+	200000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref2-200000-user2
+	EOF
+	${git_for_each_ref} \
+		--format="%(taggerdate:unix) %(taggeremail) %(refname)" \
+		--sort=-refname \
+		--sort=taggeremail \
+		--no-sort \
+		--sort=taggerdate \
+		"refs/tags/multi-*" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--no-sort without subsequent --sort prints expected refs' '
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	refs/tags/multi-ref1-100000-user1
+	refs/tags/multi-ref1-100000-user2
+	refs/tags/multi-ref1-200000-user1
+	refs/tags/multi-ref1-200000-user2
+	refs/tags/multi-ref2-100000-user1
+	refs/tags/multi-ref2-100000-user2
+	refs/tags/multi-ref2-200000-user1
+	refs/tags/multi-ref2-200000-user2
+	EOF
+
+	# Sort the results with `sort` for a consistent comparison against
+	# expected
+	${git_for_each_ref} \
+		--format="%(refname)" \
+		--no-sort \
+		"refs/tags/multi-*" | sort >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'set up custom date sorting' '
+	# Dates:
+	# - Wed Feb 07 2024 21:34:20 +0000
+	# - Tue Dec 14 1999 00:05:22 +0000
+	# - Fri Jun 04 2021 11:26:51 +0000
+	# - Mon Jan 22 2007 16:44:01 GMT+0000
+	i=1 &&
+	for when in 1707341660 945129922 1622806011 1169484241
+	do
+		GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="@$when +0000" \
+		GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL="[email-masked]" \
+		git tag -m "tag $when" custom-dates-$i &&
+		i=$(($i+1)) || return 1
+	done
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'sort by date defaults to full timestamp' '
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	945129922 refs/tags/custom-dates-2
+	1169484241 refs/tags/custom-dates-4
+	1622806011 refs/tags/custom-dates-3
+	1707341660 refs/tags/custom-dates-1
+	EOF
+
+	${git_for_each_ref} \
+		--format="%(creatordate:unix) %(refname)" \
+		--sort=creatordate \
+		"refs/tags/custom-dates-*" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'sort by custom date format' '
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	00:05:22 refs/tags/custom-dates-2
+	11:26:51 refs/tags/custom-dates-3
+	16:44:01 refs/tags/custom-dates-4
+	21:34:20 refs/tags/custom-dates-1
+	EOF
+
+	${git_for_each_ref} \
+		--format="%(creatordate:format:%H:%M:%S) %(refname)" \
+		--sort="creatordate:format:%H:%M:%S" \
+		"refs/tags/custom-dates-*" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'do not dereference NULL upon %(HEAD) on unborn branch' '
+	test_when_finished "git checkout main" &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(HEAD) %(refname:short)" refs/heads/ >actual &&
+	sed -e "s/^\* /  /" actual >expect &&
+	git checkout --orphan orphaned-branch &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(HEAD) %(refname:short)" refs/heads/ >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >trailers <<EOF
+Reviewed-by: A U Thor <[email-masked]>
+Signed-off-by: A U Thor <[email-masked]>
+[ v2 updated patch description ]
+Acked-by: A U Thor
+  <[email-masked]>
+EOF
+
+unfold () {
+	perl -0pe 's/\n\s+/ /g'
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'set up trailers for next test' '
+	echo "Some contents" > two &&
+	git add two &&
+	git commit -F - <<-EOF
+	trailers: this commit message has trailers
+
+	Some message contents
+
+	$(cat trailers)
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_trailer_option () {
+	if test "$#" -eq 3
+	then
+		prereq="$1"
+		shift
+	fi &&
+	title=$1 option=$2
+	cat >expect
+	test_expect_success $prereq "$title" '
+		${git_for_each_ref} --format="%($option)" refs/heads/main >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+		${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(contents:$option)" refs/heads/main >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	'
+}
+
+test_trailer_option PERL_TEST_HELPERS '%(trailers:unfold) unfolds trailers' \
+	'trailers:unfold' <<-EOF
+	$(unfold <trailers)
+
+	EOF
+
+test_trailer_option '%(trailers:only) shows only "key: value" trailers' \
+	'trailers:only' <<-EOF
+	$(grep -v patch.description <trailers)
+
+	EOF
+
+test_trailer_option '%(trailers:only=no,only=true) shows only "key: value" trailers' \
+	'trailers:only=no,only=true' <<-EOF
+	$(grep -v patch.description <trailers)
+
+	EOF
+
+test_trailer_option '%(trailers:only=yes) shows only "key: value" trailers' \
+	'trailers:only=yes' <<-EOF
+	$(grep -v patch.description <trailers)
+
+	EOF
+
+test_trailer_option '%(trailers:only=no) shows all trailers' \
+	'trailers:only=no' <<-EOF
+	$(cat trailers)
+
+	EOF
+
+test_trailer_option PERL_TEST_HELPERS '%(trailers:only) and %(trailers:unfold) work together' \
+	'trailers:only,unfold' <<-EOF
+	$(grep -v patch.description <trailers | unfold)
+
+	EOF
+
+test_trailer_option PERL_TEST_HELPERS '%(trailers:unfold) and %(trailers:only) work together' \
+	'trailers:unfold,only' <<-EOF
+	$(grep -v patch.description <trailers | unfold)
+
+	EOF
+
+test_trailer_option '%(trailers:key=foo) shows that trailer' \
+	'trailers:key=Signed-off-by' <<-EOF
+	Signed-off-by: A U Thor <[email-masked]>
+
+	EOF
+
+test_trailer_option '%(trailers:key=foo) is case insensitive' \
+	'trailers:key=SiGned-oFf-bY' <<-EOF
+	Signed-off-by: A U Thor <[email-masked]>
+
+	EOF
+
+test_trailer_option '%(trailers:key=foo:) trailing colon also works' \
+	'trailers:key=Signed-off-by:' <<-EOF
+	Signed-off-by: A U Thor <[email-masked]>
+
+	EOF
+
+test_trailer_option '%(trailers:key=foo) multiple keys' \
+	'trailers:key=Reviewed-by:,key=Signed-off-by' <<-EOF
+	Reviewed-by: A U Thor <[email-masked]>
+	Signed-off-by: A U Thor <[email-masked]>
+
+	EOF
+
+test_trailer_option '%(trailers:key=nonexistent) becomes empty' \
+	'trailers:key=Shined-off-by:' <<-EOF
+
+	EOF
+
+test_trailer_option '%(trailers:key=foo) handles multiple lines even if folded' \
+	'trailers:key=Acked-by' <<-EOF
+	$(grep -v patch.description <trailers | grep -v Signed-off-by | grep -v Reviewed-by)
+
+	EOF
+
+test_trailer_option '%(trailers:key=foo,unfold) properly unfolds' \
+	'trailers:key=Signed-Off-by,unfold' <<-EOF
+	$(unfold <trailers | grep Signed-off-by)
+
+	EOF
+
+test_trailer_option '%(trailers:key=foo,only=no) also includes nontrailer lines' \
+	'trailers:key=Signed-off-by,only=no' <<-EOF
+	Signed-off-by: A U Thor <[email-masked]>
+	$(grep patch.description <trailers)
+
+	EOF
+
+test_trailer_option '%(trailers:key=foo,valueonly) shows only value' \
+	'trailers:key=Signed-off-by,valueonly' <<-EOF
+	A U Thor <[email-masked]>
+
+	EOF
+
+test_trailer_option '%(trailers:separator) changes separator' \
+	'trailers:separator=%x2C,key=Reviewed-by,key=Signed-off-by:' <<-EOF
+	Reviewed-by: A U Thor <[email-masked]>,Signed-off-by: A U Thor <[email-masked]>
+	EOF
+
+test_trailer_option '%(trailers:key_value_separator) changes key-value separator' \
+	'trailers:key_value_separator=%x2C,key=Reviewed-by,key=Signed-off-by:' <<-EOF
+	Reviewed-by,A U Thor <[email-masked]>
+	Signed-off-by,A U Thor <[email-masked]>
+
+	EOF
+
+test_trailer_option '%(trailers:separator,key_value_separator) changes both separators' \
+	'trailers:separator=%x2C,key_value_separator=%x2C,key=Reviewed-by,key=Signed-off-by:' <<-EOF
+	Reviewed-by,A U Thor <[email-masked]>,Signed-off-by,A U Thor <[email-masked]>
+	EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'multiple %(trailers) use their own options' '
+	git tag -F - tag-with-trailers <<-\EOF &&
+	body
+
+	one: foo
+	one: bar
+	two: baz
+	two: qux
+	EOF
+	t1="%(trailers:key=one,key_value_separator=W,separator=X)" &&
+	t2="%(trailers:key=two,key_value_separator=Y,separator=Z)" &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="$t1%0a$t2" refs/tags/tag-with-trailers >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	oneWfooXoneWbar
+	twoYbazZtwoYqux
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_failing_trailer_option () {
+	title=$1 option=$2
+	cat >expect
+	test_expect_success "$title" '
+		# error message cannot be checked under i18n
+		test_must_fail ${git_for_each_ref} --format="%($option)" refs/heads/main 2>actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+		test_must_fail ${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(contents:$option)" refs/heads/main 2>actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	'
+}
+
+test_failing_trailer_option '%(trailers) rejects unknown trailers arguments' \
+	'trailers:unsupported' <<-\EOF
+	fatal: unknown %(trailers) argument: unsupported
+	EOF
+
+test_failing_trailer_option '%(trailers:key) without value is error' \
+	'trailers:key' <<-\EOF
+	fatal: expected %(trailers:key=<value>)
+	EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'if arguments, %(contents:trailers) shows error if colon is missing' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	fatal: unrecognized %(contents) argument: trailersonly
+	EOF
+	test_must_fail ${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(contents:trailersonly)" 2>actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'basic atom: head contents:trailers' '
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(contents:trailers)" refs/heads/main >actual &&
+	sanitize_pgp <actual >actual.clean &&
+	# ${git_for_each_ref} ends with a blank line
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	$(cat trailers)
+
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual.clean
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'basic atom: rest must fail' '
+	test_must_fail ${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(rest)" refs/heads/main
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'HEAD atom does not take arguments' '
+	test_must_fail ${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(HEAD:foo)" 2>err &&
+	echo "fatal: %(HEAD) does not take arguments" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'subject atom rejects unknown arguments' '
+	test_must_fail ${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(subject:foo)" 2>err &&
+	echo "fatal: unrecognized %(subject) argument: foo" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'refname atom rejects unknown arguments' '
+	test_must_fail ${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(refname:foo)" 2>err &&
+	echo "fatal: unrecognized %(refname) argument: foo" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'trailer parsing not fooled by --- line' '
+	git commit --allow-empty -F - <<-\EOF &&
+	this is the subject
+
+	This is the body. The message has a "---" line which would confuse a
+	message+patch parser. But here we know we have only a commit message,
+	so we get it right.
+
+	trailer: wrong
+	---
+	This is more body.
+
+	trailer: right
+	EOF
+
+	{
+		echo "trailer: right" &&
+		echo
+	} >expect &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(trailers)" refs/heads/main >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Add symbolic ref for the following tests' '
+	git symbolic-ref refs/heads/sym refs/heads/main
+'
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
+refs/heads/main
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Verify usage of %(symref) atom' '
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(symref)" refs/heads/sym >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
+heads/main
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Verify usage of %(symref:short) atom' '
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(symref:short)" refs/heads/sym >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
+main
+heads/main
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Verify usage of %(symref:lstrip) atom' '
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(symref:lstrip=2)" refs/heads/sym > actual &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(symref:lstrip=-2)" refs/heads/sym >> actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(symref:strip=2)" refs/heads/sym > actual &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(symref:strip=-2)" refs/heads/sym >> actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
+refs
+refs/heads
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Verify usage of %(symref:rstrip) atom' '
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(symref:rstrip=2)" refs/heads/sym > actual &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(symref:rstrip=-2)" refs/heads/sym >> actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success ':remotename and :remoteref' '
+	git init remote-tests &&
+	(
+		cd remote-tests &&
+		test_commit initial &&
+		git branch -M main &&
+		git remote add from fifth.coffee:blub &&
+		git config branch.main.remote from &&
+		git config branch.main.merge refs/heads/stable &&
+		git remote add to southridge.audio:repo &&
+		git config remote.to.push "refs/heads/*:refs/heads/pushed/*" &&
+		git config branch.main.pushRemote to &&
+		for pair in "%(upstream)=refs/remotes/from/stable" \
+			"%(upstream:remotename)=from" \
+			"%(upstream:remoteref)=refs/heads/stable" \
+			"%(push)=refs/remotes/to/pushed/main" \
+			"%(push:remotename)=to" \
+			"%(push:remoteref)=refs/heads/pushed/main"
+		do
+			echo "${pair#*=}" >expect &&
+			${git_for_each_ref} --format="${pair%=*}" \
+				refs/heads/main >actual &&
+			test_cmp expect actual || exit 1
+		done &&
+		git branch push-simple &&
+		git config branch.push-simple.pushRemote from &&
+		actual="$(${git_for_each_ref} \
+			--format="%(push:remotename),%(push:remoteref)" \
+			refs/heads/push-simple)" &&
+		test from, = "$actual"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success "${git_for_each_ref} --ignore-case ignores case" '
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(refname)" refs/heads/MAIN >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual &&
+
+	echo refs/heads/main >expect &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(refname)" --ignore-case \
+		refs/heads/MAIN >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "${git_for_each_ref} --omit-empty works" '
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(refname)" >actual &&
+	test_line_count -gt 1 actual &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(if:equals=refs/heads/main)%(refname)%(then)%(refname)%(end)" --omit-empty >actual &&
+	echo refs/heads/main >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "${git_for_each_ref} --ignore-case works on multiple sort keys" '
+	# name refs numerically to avoid case-insensitive filesystem conflicts
+	nr=0 &&
+	for email in a A b B
+	do
+		for subject in a A b B
+		do
+			GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL="[email-masked]" \
+			git tag -m "tag $subject" icase-$(printf %02d $nr) &&
+			nr=$((nr+1))||
+			return 1
+		done
+	done &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} --ignore-case \
+		--format="%(taggeremail) %(subject) %(refname)" \
+		--sort=refname \
+		--sort=subject \
+		--sort=taggeremail \
+		refs/tags/icase-* >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	<[email-masked]> tag a refs/tags/icase-00
+	<[email-masked]> tag A refs/tags/icase-01
+	<[email-masked]> tag a refs/tags/icase-04
+	<[email-masked]> tag A refs/tags/icase-05
+	<[email-masked]> tag b refs/tags/icase-02
+	<[email-masked]> tag B refs/tags/icase-03
+	<[email-masked]> tag b refs/tags/icase-06
+	<[email-masked]> tag B refs/tags/icase-07
+	<[email-masked]> tag a refs/tags/icase-08
+	<[email-masked]> tag A refs/tags/icase-09
+	<[email-masked]> tag a refs/tags/icase-12
+	<[email-masked]> tag A refs/tags/icase-13
+	<[email-masked]> tag b refs/tags/icase-10
+	<[email-masked]> tag B refs/tags/icase-11
+	<[email-masked]> tag b refs/tags/icase-14
+	<[email-masked]> tag B refs/tags/icase-15
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "${git_for_each_ref} reports broken tags" '
+	git tag -m "good tag" broken-tag-good HEAD &&
+	git cat-file tag broken-tag-good >good &&
+	sed s/commit/blob/ <good >bad &&
+	bad=$(git hash-object -w -t tag bad) &&
+	git update-ref refs/tags/broken-tag-bad $bad &&
+	test_must_fail ${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(*objectname)" \
+		refs/tags/broken-tag-*
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'set up tag with signature and no blank lines' '
+	git tag -F - fake-sig-no-blanks <<-\EOF
+	this is the subject
+	-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
+	not a real signature, but we just care about the
+	subject/body parsing. It is important here that
+	there are no blank lines in the signature.
+	-----END PGP SIGNATURE-----
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_atom refs/tags/fake-sig-no-blanks contents:subject 'this is the subject'
+test_atom refs/tags/fake-sig-no-blanks contents:body ''
+test_atom refs/tags/fake-sig-no-blanks contents:signature "$sig"
+
+test_expect_success 'set up tag with CRLF signature' '
+	append_cr <<-\EOF |
+	this is the subject
+	-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
+
+	not a real signature, but we just care about
+	the subject/body parsing. It is important here
+	that there is a blank line separating this
+	from the signature header.
+	-----END PGP SIGNATURE-----
+	EOF
+	git tag -F - --cleanup=verbatim fake-sig-crlf
+'
+
+test_atom refs/tags/fake-sig-crlf contents:subject 'this is the subject'
+test_atom refs/tags/fake-sig-crlf contents:body ''
+
+# CRLF is retained in the signature, so we have to pass our expected value
+# through append_cr. But test_atom requires a shell string, which means command
+# substitution, and the shell will strip trailing newlines from the output of
+# the substitution. Hack around it by adding and then removing a dummy line.
+sig_crlf="$(printf "%s" "$sig" | append_cr; echo dummy)"
+sig_crlf=${sig_crlf%dummy}
+test_atom refs/tags/fake-sig-crlf contents:signature "$sig_crlf"
+
+test_expect_success 'set up tag with signature and trailers' '
+	git tag -F - fake-sig-trailer <<-\EOF
+	this is the subject
+
+	this is the body
+
+	My-Trailer: foo
+	-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
+
+	not a real signature, but we just care about the
+	subject/body/trailer parsing.
+	-----END PGP SIGNATURE-----
+	EOF
+'
+
+# use "separator=" here to suppress the terminating newline
+test_atom refs/tags/fake-sig-trailer trailers:separator= 'My-Trailer: foo'
+
+test_expect_success "${git_for_each_ref} --stdin: empty" '
+	>in &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(refname)" --stdin <in >actual &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(refname)" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "${git_for_each_ref} --stdin: fails if extra args" '
+	>in &&
+	test_must_fail ${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(refname)" \
+		--stdin refs/heads/extra <in 2>err &&
+	grep "unknown arguments supplied with --stdin" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success "${git_for_each_ref} --stdin: matches" '
+	cat >in <<-EOF &&
+	refs/tags/multi*
+	refs/heads/amb*
+	EOF
+
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	refs/heads/ambiguous
+	refs/tags/multi-ref1-100000-user1
+	refs/tags/multi-ref1-100000-user2
+	refs/tags/multi-ref1-200000-user1
+	refs/tags/multi-ref1-200000-user2
+	refs/tags/multi-ref2-100000-user1
+	refs/tags/multi-ref2-100000-user2
+	refs/tags/multi-ref2-200000-user1
+	refs/tags/multi-ref2-200000-user2
+	refs/tags/multiline
+	EOF
+
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(refname)" --stdin <in >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "${git_for_each_ref} with non-existing refs" '
+	cat >in <<-EOF &&
+	refs/heads/this-ref-does-not-exist
+	refs/tags/bogus
+	EOF
+
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(refname)" --stdin <in >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual &&
+
+	xargs ${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(refname)" <in >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "${git_for_each_ref} with nested tags" '
+	git tag -am "Normal tag" nested/base HEAD &&
+	git tag -am "Nested tag" nested/nest1 refs/tags/nested/base &&
+	git tag -am "Double nested tag" nested/nest2 refs/tags/nested/nest1 &&
+
+	head_oid="$(git rev-parse HEAD)" &&
+	base_tag_oid="$(git rev-parse refs/tags/nested/base)" &&
+	nest1_tag_oid="$(git rev-parse refs/tags/nested/nest1)" &&
+	nest2_tag_oid="$(git rev-parse refs/tags/nested/nest2)" &&
+
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	refs/tags/nested/base $base_tag_oid tag $head_oid commit
+	refs/tags/nested/nest1 $nest1_tag_oid tag $head_oid commit
+	refs/tags/nested/nest2 $nest2_tag_oid tag $head_oid commit
+	EOF
+
+	${git_for_each_ref} \
+		--format="%(refname) %(objectname) %(objecttype) %(*objectname) %(*objecttype)" \
+		refs/tags/nested/ >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'is-base atom with non-commits' '
+	${git_for_each_ref} --format="%(is-base:HEAD) %(refname)" >out 2>err &&
+	grep "(HEAD) refs/heads/main" out &&
+
+	test_line_count = 2 err &&
+	grep "error: object .* is a commit, not a blob" err &&
+	grep "error: bad tag pointer to" err
+'
+
+GRADE_FORMAT="%(signature:grade)%0a%(signature:key)%0a%(signature:signer)%0a%(signature:fingerprint)%0a%(signature:primarykeyfingerprint)"
+TRUSTLEVEL_FORMAT="%(signature:trustlevel)%0a%(signature:key)%0a%(signature:signer)%0a%(signature:fingerprint)%0a%(signature:primarykeyfingerprint)"
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'setup for signature atom using gpg' '
+	git checkout -b signed &&
+
+	test_when_finished "test_unconfig commit.gpgSign" &&
+
+	echo "1" >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -S -m "file: 1" &&
+	git tag first-signed &&
+
+	echo "2" >file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -a -m "file: 2" &&
+	git tag second-unsigned &&
+
+	git config commit.gpgSign 1 &&
+	echo "3" >file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -a --no-gpg-sign -m "file: 3" &&
+	git tag third-unsigned &&
+
+	test_tick &&
+	git rebase -f HEAD^^ && git tag second-signed HEAD^ &&
+	git tag third-signed &&
+
+	echo "4" >file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -a -SB7227189 -m "file: 4" &&
+	git tag fourth-signed &&
+
+	echo "5" >file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -a --no-gpg-sign -m "file: 5" &&
+	git tag fifth-unsigned &&
+
+	echo "6" >file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -a --no-gpg-sign -m "file: 6" &&
+
+	test_tick &&
+	git rebase -f HEAD^^ &&
+	git tag fifth-signed HEAD^ &&
+	git tag sixth-signed &&
+
+	echo "7" >file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -a --no-gpg-sign -m "file: 7" &&
+	git tag seventh-unsigned
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPGSSH 'setup for signature atom using ssh' '
+	test_when_finished "test_unconfig gpg.format user.signingkey" &&
+
+	test_config gpg.format ssh &&
+	test_config user.signingkey "${GPGSSH_KEY_PRIMARY}" &&
+	echo "8" >file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -S -m "file: 8" &&
+	git tag eighth-signed-ssh
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG2 'bare signature atom' '
+	git verify-commit first-signed 2>expect &&
+	echo  >>expect &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} refs/tags/first-signed \
+		--format="%(signature)" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'show good signature with custom format' '
+	git verify-commit first-signed &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	G
+	13B6F51ECDDE430D
+	C O Mitter <[email-masked]>
+	73D758744BE721698EC54E8713B6F51ECDDE430D
+	73D758744BE721698EC54E8713B6F51ECDDE430D
+	EOF
+	${git_for_each_ref} refs/tags/first-signed \
+		--format="$GRADE_FORMAT" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+test_expect_success GPGSSH 'show good signature with custom format with ssh' '
+	test_config gpg.ssh.allowedSignersFile "${GPGSSH_ALLOWED_SIGNERS}" &&
+	FINGERPRINT=$(ssh-keygen -lf "${GPGSSH_KEY_PRIMARY}" | awk "{print \$2;}") &&
+	cat >expect.tmpl <<-\EOF &&
+	G
+	FINGERPRINT
+	principal with number 1
+	FINGERPRINT
+
+	EOF
+	sed "s|FINGERPRINT|$FINGERPRINT|g" expect.tmpl >expect &&
+	${git_for_each_ref} refs/tags/eighth-signed-ssh \
+		--format="$GRADE_FORMAT" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'signature atom with grade option and bad signature' '
+	git cat-file commit third-signed >raw &&
+	sed -e "s/^file: 3/file: 3 forged/" raw >forged1 &&
+	FORGED1=$(git hash-object -w -t commit forged1) &&
+	git update-ref refs/tags/third-signed "$FORGED1" &&
+	test_must_fail git verify-commit "$FORGED1" &&
+
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	B
+	13B6F51ECDDE430D
+	C O Mitter <[email-masked]>
+
+
+	EOF
+	${git_for_each_ref} refs/tags/third-signed \
+		--format="$GRADE_FORMAT" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'show untrusted signature with custom format' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	U
+	65A0EEA02E30CAD7
+	Eris Discordia <[email-masked]>
+	F8364A59E07FFE9F4D63005A65A0EEA02E30CAD7
+	D4BE22311AD3131E5EDA29A461092E85B7227189
+	EOF
+	${git_for_each_ref} refs/tags/fourth-signed \
+		--format="$GRADE_FORMAT" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'show untrusted signature with undefined trust level' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	undefined
+	65A0EEA02E30CAD7
+	Eris Discordia <[email-masked]>
+	F8364A59E07FFE9F4D63005A65A0EEA02E30CAD7
+	D4BE22311AD3131E5EDA29A461092E85B7227189
+	EOF
+	${git_for_each_ref} refs/tags/fourth-signed \
+		--format="$TRUSTLEVEL_FORMAT" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'show untrusted signature with ultimate trust level' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	ultimate
+	13B6F51ECDDE430D
+	C O Mitter <[email-masked]>
+	73D758744BE721698EC54E8713B6F51ECDDE430D
+	73D758744BE721698EC54E8713B6F51ECDDE430D
+	EOF
+	${git_for_each_ref} refs/tags/sixth-signed \
+		--format="$TRUSTLEVEL_FORMAT" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'show unknown signature with custom format' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	E
+	13B6F51ECDDE430D
+
+
+
+	EOF
+	GNUPGHOME="$GNUPGHOME_NOT_USED" ${git_for_each_ref} \
+		refs/tags/sixth-signed --format="$GRADE_FORMAT" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'show lack of signature with custom format' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	N
+
+
+
+
+	EOF
+	${git_for_each_ref} refs/tags/seventh-unsigned \
+		--format="$GRADE_FORMAT" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6300-for-each-ref.sh b/t/t6300-for-each-ref.sh
index ce9af79ab1..1d9809114d 100755
--- a/t/t6300-for-each-ref.sh
+++ b/t/t6300-for-each-ref.sh
@@ -6,2150 +6,14 @@
 test_description='for-each-ref test'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
-GNUPGHOME_NOT_USED=$GNUPGHOME
-. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-gpg.sh
-. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-terminal.sh
 
-# Mon Jul 3 23:18:43 2006 +0000
-datestamp=1151968723
-setdate_and_increment () {
-    GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="$datestamp +0200"
-    datestamp=$(expr "$datestamp" + 1)
-    GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="$datestamp +0200"
-    datestamp=$(expr "$datestamp" + 1)
-    export GIT_COMMITTER_DATE GIT_AUTHOR_DATE
-}
-
-test_object_file_size () {
-	oid=$(git rev-parse "$1")
-	path=".git/objects/$(test_oid_to_path $oid)"
-	test_file_size "$path"
-}
-
-test_expect_success setup '
-	# setup .mailmap
-	cat >.mailmap <<-EOF &&
-	A Thor <[email-masked]> A U Thor <[email-masked]>
-	C Mitter <[email-masked]> C O Mitter <[email-masked]>
-	EOF
-
-	setdate_and_increment &&
-	echo "Using $datestamp" > one &&
-	git add one &&
-	git commit -m "Initial" &&
-	git branch -M main &&
-	setdate_and_increment &&
-	git tag -a -m "Tagging at $datestamp" testtag &&
-	git update-ref refs/remotes/origin/main main &&
-	git remote add origin nowhere &&
-	git config branch.main.remote origin &&
-	git config branch.main.merge refs/heads/main &&
-	git remote add myfork elsewhere &&
-	git config remote.pushdefault myfork &&
-	git config push.default current
-'
-
-test_atom () {
-	case "$1" in
-		head) ref=refs/heads/main ;;
-		 tag) ref=refs/tags/testtag ;;
-		 sym) ref=refs/heads/sym ;;
-		   *) ref=$1 ;;
-	esac
-	format=$2
-	test_do=test_expect_${4:-success}
-
-	printf '%s\n' "$3" >expected
-	$test_do $PREREQ "basic atom: $ref $format" '
-		git for-each-ref --format="%($format)" "$ref" >actual &&
-		sanitize_pgp <actual >actual.clean &&
-		test_cmp expected actual.clean
-	'
-
-	# Automatically test "contents:size" atom after testing "contents"
-	if test "$format" = "contents"
-	then
-		# for commit leg, $3 is changed there
-		expect=$(printf '%s' "$3" | wc -c)
-		$test_do $PREREQ "basic atom: $ref contents:size" '
-			type=$(git cat-file -t "$ref") &&
-			case $type in
-			tag)
-				# We cannot use $3 as it expects sanitize_pgp to run
-				git cat-file tag $ref >out &&
-				expect=$(tail -n +6 out | wc -c) &&
-				rm -f out ;;
-			tree | blob)
-				expect="" ;;
-			commit)
-				: "use the calculated expect" ;;
-			*)
-				BUG "unknown object type" ;;
-			esac &&
-			# Leave $expect unquoted to lose possible leading whitespaces
-			echo $expect >expected &&
-			git for-each-ref --format="%(contents:size)" "$ref" >actual &&
-			test_cmp expected actual
-		'
-	fi
-}
-
-hexlen=$(test_oid hexsz)
-
-test_atom head refname refs/heads/main
-test_atom head refname: refs/heads/main
-test_atom head refname:short main
-test_atom head refname:lstrip=1 heads/main
-test_atom head refname:lstrip=2 main
-test_atom head refname:lstrip=-1 main
-test_atom head refname:lstrip=-2 heads/main
-test_atom head refname:rstrip=1 refs/heads
-test_atom head refname:rstrip=2 refs
-test_atom head refname:rstrip=-1 refs
-test_atom head refname:rstrip=-2 refs/heads
-test_atom head refname:strip=1 heads/main
-test_atom head refname:strip=2 main
-test_atom head refname:strip=-1 main
-test_atom head refname:strip=-2 heads/main
-test_atom head upstream refs/remotes/origin/main
-test_atom head upstream:short origin/main
-test_atom head upstream:lstrip=2 origin/main
-test_atom head upstream:lstrip=-2 origin/main
-test_atom head upstream:rstrip=2 refs/remotes
-test_atom head upstream:rstrip=-2 refs/remotes
-test_atom head upstream:strip=2 origin/main
-test_atom head upstream:strip=-2 origin/main
-test_atom head push refs/remotes/myfork/main
-test_atom head push:short myfork/main
-test_atom head push:lstrip=1 remotes/myfork/main
-test_atom head push:lstrip=-1 main
-test_atom head push:rstrip=1 refs/remotes/myfork
-test_atom head push:rstrip=-1 refs
-test_atom head push:strip=1 remotes/myfork/main
-test_atom head push:strip=-1 main
-test_atom head objecttype commit
-test_atom head objectsize $((131 + hexlen))
-test_atom head objectsize:disk $(test_object_file_size refs/heads/main)
-test_atom head deltabase $ZERO_OID
-test_atom head objectname $(git rev-parse refs/heads/main)
-test_atom head objectname:short $(git rev-parse --short refs/heads/main)
-test_atom head objectname:short=1 $(git rev-parse --short=1 refs/heads/main)
-test_atom head objectname:short=10 $(git rev-parse --short=10 refs/heads/main)
-test_atom head tree $(git rev-parse refs/heads/main^{tree})
-test_atom head tree:short $(git rev-parse --short refs/heads/main^{tree})
-test_atom head tree:short=1 $(git rev-parse --short=1 refs/heads/main^{tree})
-test_atom head tree:short=10 $(git rev-parse --short=10 refs/heads/main^{tree})
-test_atom head parent ''
-test_atom head parent:short ''
-test_atom head parent:short=1 ''
-test_atom head parent:short=10 ''
-test_atom head numparent 0
-test_atom head object ''
-test_atom head type ''
-test_atom head raw "$(git cat-file commit refs/heads/main)
-"
-test_atom head '*objectname' ''
-test_atom head '*objecttype' ''
-test_atom head author 'A U Thor <[email-masked]> 1151968724 +0200'
-test_atom head authorname 'A U Thor'
-test_atom head authorname:mailmap 'A Thor'
-test_atom head authoremail '<[email-masked]>'
-test_atom head authoremail:trim [email-masked]'
-test_atom head authoremail:localpart 'author'
-test_atom head authoremail:trim,localpart 'author'
-test_atom head authoremail:mailmap '<[email-masked]>'
-test_atom head authoremail:mailmap,trim [email-masked]'
-test_atom head authoremail:trim,mailmap [email-masked]'
-test_atom head authoremail:mailmap,localpart 'athor'
-test_atom head authoremail:localpart,mailmap 'athor'
-test_atom head authoremail:mailmap,trim,localpart,mailmap,trim 'athor'
-test_atom head authordate 'Tue Jul 4 01:18:44 2006 +0200'
-test_atom head committer 'C O Mitter <[email-masked]> 1151968723 +0200'
-test_atom head committername 'C O Mitter'
-test_atom head committername:mailmap 'C Mitter'
-test_atom head committeremail '<[email-masked]>'
-test_atom head committeremail:trim [email-masked]'
-test_atom head committeremail:localpart 'committer'
-test_atom head committeremail:localpart,trim 'committer'
-test_atom head committeremail:mailmap '<[email-masked]>'
-test_atom head committeremail:mailmap,trim [email-masked]'
-test_atom head committeremail:trim,mailmap [email-masked]'
-test_atom head committeremail:mailmap,localpart 'cmitter'
-test_atom head committeremail:localpart,mailmap 'cmitter'
-test_atom head committeremail:trim,mailmap,trim,trim,localpart 'cmitter'
-test_atom head committerdate 'Tue Jul 4 01:18:43 2006 +0200'
-test_atom head tag ''
-test_atom head tagger ''
-test_atom head taggername ''
-test_atom head taggeremail ''
-test_atom head taggeremail:trim ''
-test_atom head taggeremail:localpart ''
-test_atom head taggerdate ''
-test_atom head creator 'C O Mitter <[email-masked]> 1151968723 +0200'
-test_atom head creatordate 'Tue Jul 4 01:18:43 2006 +0200'
-test_atom head subject 'Initial'
-test_atom head subject:sanitize 'Initial'
-test_atom head contents:subject 'Initial'
-test_atom head body ''
-test_atom head contents:body ''
-test_atom head contents:signature ''
-test_atom head contents 'Initial
-'
-test_atom head HEAD '*'
-
-test_atom tag refname refs/tags/testtag
-test_atom tag refname:short testtag
-test_atom tag upstream ''
-test_atom tag push ''
-test_atom tag objecttype tag
-test_atom tag objectsize $((114 + hexlen))
-test_atom tag objectsize:disk $(test_object_file_size refs/tags/testtag)
-test_atom tag '*objectsize:disk' $(test_object_file_size refs/heads/main)
-test_atom tag deltabase $ZERO_OID
-test_atom tag '*deltabase' $ZERO_OID
-test_atom tag objectname $(git rev-parse refs/tags/testtag)
-test_atom tag objectname:short $(git rev-parse --short refs/tags/testtag)
-test_atom head objectname:short=1 $(git rev-parse --short=1 refs/heads/main)
-test_atom head objectname:short=10 $(git rev-parse --short=10 refs/heads/main)
-test_atom tag tree ''
-test_atom tag tree:short ''
-test_atom tag tree:short=1 ''
-test_atom tag tree:short=10 ''
-test_atom tag parent ''
-test_atom tag parent:short ''
-test_atom tag parent:short=1 ''
-test_atom tag parent:short=10 ''
-test_atom tag numparent ''
-test_atom tag object $(git rev-parse refs/tags/testtag^0)
-test_atom tag type 'commit'
-test_atom tag '*objectname' $(git rev-parse refs/tags/testtag^{})
-test_atom tag '*objecttype' 'commit'
-test_atom tag author ''
-test_atom tag authorname ''
-test_atom tag authorname:mailmap ''
-test_atom tag authoremail ''
-test_atom tag authoremail:trim ''
-test_atom tag authoremail:localpart ''
-test_atom tag authoremail:trim,localpart ''
-test_atom tag authoremail:mailmap ''
-test_atom tag authoremail:mailmap,trim ''
-test_atom tag authoremail:trim,mailmap ''
-test_atom tag authoremail:mailmap,localpart ''
-test_atom tag authoremail:localpart,mailmap ''
-test_atom tag authoremail:mailmap,trim,localpart,mailmap,trim ''
-test_atom tag authordate ''
-test_atom tag committer ''
-test_atom tag committername ''
-test_atom tag committername:mailmap ''
-test_atom tag committeremail ''
-test_atom tag committeremail:trim ''
-test_atom tag committeremail:localpart ''
-test_atom tag committeremail:localpart,trim ''
-test_atom tag committeremail:mailmap ''
-test_atom tag committeremail:mailmap,trim ''
-test_atom tag committeremail:trim,mailmap ''
-test_atom tag committeremail:mailmap,localpart ''
-test_atom tag committeremail:localpart,mailmap ''
-test_atom tag committeremail:trim,mailmap,trim,trim,localpart ''
-test_atom tag committerdate ''
-test_atom tag tag 'testtag'
-test_atom tag tagger 'C O Mitter <[email-masked]> 1151968725 +0200'
-test_atom tag taggername 'C O Mitter'
-test_atom tag taggername:mailmap 'C Mitter'
-test_atom tag taggeremail '<[email-masked]>'
-test_atom tag taggeremail:trim [email-masked]'
-test_atom tag taggeremail:localpart 'committer'
-test_atom tag taggeremail:trim,localpart 'committer'
-test_atom tag taggeremail:mailmap '<[email-masked]>'
-test_atom tag taggeremail:mailmap,trim [email-masked]'
-test_atom tag taggeremail:trim,mailmap [email-masked]'
-test_atom tag taggeremail:mailmap,localpart 'cmitter'
-test_atom tag taggeremail:localpart,mailmap 'cmitter'
-test_atom tag taggeremail:trim,mailmap,trim,localpart,localpart 'cmitter'
-test_atom tag taggerdate 'Tue Jul 4 01:18:45 2006 +0200'
-test_atom tag creator 'C O Mitter <[email-masked]> 1151968725 +0200'
-test_atom tag creatordate 'Tue Jul 4 01:18:45 2006 +0200'
-test_atom tag subject 'Tagging at 1151968727'
-test_atom tag subject:sanitize 'Tagging-at-1151968727'
-test_atom tag contents:subject 'Tagging at 1151968727'
-test_atom tag body ''
-test_atom tag contents:body ''
-test_atom tag contents:signature ''
-test_atom tag contents 'Tagging at 1151968727
-'
-test_atom tag HEAD ' '
-
-test_expect_success 'basic atom: refs/tags/testtag *raw' '
-	git cat-file commit refs/tags/testtag^{} >expected &&
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(*raw)" refs/tags/testtag >actual &&
-	sanitize_pgp <expected >expected.clean &&
-	echo >>expected.clean &&
-	sanitize_pgp <actual >actual.clean &&
-	test_cmp expected.clean actual.clean
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'Check invalid atoms names are errors' '
-	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(INVALID)" refs/heads
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'for-each-ref does not crash with -h' '
+test_expect_success "for-each-ref does not crash with -h" '
 	test_expect_code 129 git for-each-ref -h >usage &&
 	test_grep "[Uu]sage: git for-each-ref " usage &&
 	test_expect_code 129 nongit git for-each-ref -h >usage &&
 	test_grep "[Uu]sage: git for-each-ref " usage
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'Check format specifiers are ignored in naming date atoms' '
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(authordate)" refs/heads &&
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(authordate:default) %(authordate)" refs/heads &&
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(authordate) %(authordate:default)" refs/heads &&
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(authordate:default) %(authordate:default)" refs/heads
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'Check valid format specifiers for date fields' '
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(authordate:default)" refs/heads &&
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(authordate:relative)" refs/heads &&
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(authordate:short)" refs/heads &&
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(authordate:local)" refs/heads &&
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(authordate:iso8601)" refs/heads &&
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(authordate:rfc2822)" refs/heads
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'Check invalid format specifiers are errors' '
-	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(authordate:INVALID)" refs/heads
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'arguments to %(objectname:short=) must be positive integers' '
-	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(objectname:short=0)" &&
-	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(objectname:short=-1)" &&
-	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(objectname:short=foo)"
-'
-
-test_bad_atom () {
-	case "$1" in
-	head) ref=refs/heads/main ;;
-	 tag) ref=refs/tags/testtag ;;
-	 sym) ref=refs/heads/sym ;;
-	   *) ref=$1 ;;
-	esac
-	format=$2
-	test_do=test_expect_${4:-success}
-
-	printf '%s\n' "$3" >expect
-	$test_do $PREREQ "err basic atom: $ref $format" '
-		test_must_fail git for-each-ref \
-			--format="%($format)" "$ref" 2>error &&
-		test_cmp expect error
-	'
-}
-
-test_bad_atom head 'authoremail:foo' \
-	'fatal: unrecognized %(authoremail) argument: foo'
-
-test_bad_atom head 'authoremail:mailmap,trim,bar' \
-	'fatal: unrecognized %(authoremail) argument: bar'
-
-test_bad_atom head 'authoremail:trim,' \
-	'fatal: unrecognized %(authoremail) argument: '
-
-test_bad_atom head 'authoremail:mailmaptrim' \
-	'fatal: unrecognized %(authoremail) argument: trim'
-
-test_bad_atom head 'committeremail: ' \
-	'fatal: unrecognized %(committeremail) argument:  '
-
-test_bad_atom head 'committeremail: trim,foo' \
-	'fatal: unrecognized %(committeremail) argument:  trim,foo'
-
-test_bad_atom head 'committeremail:mailmap,localpart ' \
-	'fatal: unrecognized %(committeremail) argument:  '
-
-test_bad_atom head 'committeremail:trim_localpart' \
-	'fatal: unrecognized %(committeremail) argument: _localpart'
-
-test_bad_atom head 'committeremail:localpart,,,trim' \
-	'fatal: unrecognized %(committeremail) argument: ,,trim'
-
-test_bad_atom tag 'taggeremail:mailmap,trim, foo ' \
-	'fatal: unrecognized %(taggeremail) argument:  foo '
-
-test_bad_atom tag 'taggeremail:trim,localpart,' \
-	'fatal: unrecognized %(taggeremail) argument: '
-
-test_bad_atom tag 'taggeremail:mailmap;localpart trim' \
-	'fatal: unrecognized %(taggeremail) argument: ;localpart trim'
-
-test_bad_atom tag 'taggeremail:localpart trim' \
-	'fatal: unrecognized %(taggeremail) argument:  trim'
-
-test_bad_atom tag 'taggeremail:mailmap,mailmap,trim,qux,localpart,trim' \
-	'fatal: unrecognized %(taggeremail) argument: qux,localpart,trim'
-
-test_date () {
-	f=$1 &&
-	committer_date=$2 &&
-	author_date=$3 &&
-	tagger_date=$4 &&
-	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
-	'refs/heads/main' '$committer_date' '$author_date'
-	'refs/tags/testtag' '$tagger_date'
-	EOF
-	(
-		git for-each-ref --shell \
-			--format="%(refname) %(committerdate${f:+:$f}) %(authordate${f:+:$f})" \
-			refs/heads &&
-		git for-each-ref --shell \
-			--format="%(refname) %(taggerdate${f:+:$f})" \
-			refs/tags
-	) >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-}
-
-test_expect_success 'Check unformatted date fields output' '
-	test_date "" \
-		"Tue Jul 4 01:18:43 2006 +0200" \
-		"Tue Jul 4 01:18:44 2006 +0200" \
-		"Tue Jul 4 01:18:45 2006 +0200"
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'Check format "default" formatted date fields output' '
-	test_date default \
-		"Tue Jul 4 01:18:43 2006 +0200" \
-		"Tue Jul 4 01:18:44 2006 +0200" \
-		"Tue Jul 4 01:18:45 2006 +0200"
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'Check format "default-local" date fields output' '
-	test_date default-local "Mon Jul 3 23:18:43 2006" "Mon Jul 3 23:18:44 2006" "Mon Jul 3 23:18:45 2006"
-'
-
-# Don't know how to do relative check because I can't know when this script
-# is going to be run and can't fake the current time to git, and hence can't
-# provide expected output.  Instead, I'll just make sure that "relative"
-# doesn't exit in error
-test_expect_success 'Check format "relative" date fields output' '
-	f=relative &&
-	(git for-each-ref --shell --format="%(refname) %(committerdate:$f) %(authordate:$f)" refs/heads &&
-	git for-each-ref --shell --format="%(refname) %(taggerdate:$f)" refs/tags) >actual
-'
-
-# We just check that this is the same as "relative" for now.
-test_expect_success 'Check format "relative-local" date fields output' '
-	test_date relative-local \
-		"$(git for-each-ref --format="%(committerdate:relative)" refs/heads)" \
-		"$(git for-each-ref --format="%(authordate:relative)" refs/heads)" \
-		"$(git for-each-ref --format="%(taggerdate:relative)" refs/tags)"
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'Check format "short" date fields output' '
-	test_date short 2006-07-04 2006-07-04 2006-07-04
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'Check format "short-local" date fields output' '
-	test_date short-local 2006-07-03 2006-07-03 2006-07-03
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'Check format "local" date fields output' '
-	test_date local \
-		"Mon Jul 3 23:18:43 2006" \
-		"Mon Jul 3 23:18:44 2006" \
-		"Mon Jul 3 23:18:45 2006"
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'Check format "iso8601" date fields output' '
-	test_date iso8601 \
-		"2006-07-04 01:18:43 +0200" \
-		"2006-07-04 01:18:44 +0200" \
-		"2006-07-04 01:18:45 +0200"
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'Check format "iso8601-local" date fields output' '
-	test_date iso8601-local "2006-07-03 23:18:43 +0000" "2006-07-03 23:18:44 +0000" "2006-07-03 23:18:45 +0000"
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'Check format "rfc2822" date fields output' '
-	test_date rfc2822 \
-		"Tue, 4 Jul 2006 01:18:43 +0200" \
-		"Tue, 4 Jul 2006 01:18:44 +0200" \
-		"Tue, 4 Jul 2006 01:18:45 +0200"
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'Check format "rfc2822-local" date fields output' '
-	test_date rfc2822-local "Mon, 3 Jul 2006 23:18:43 +0000" "Mon, 3 Jul 2006 23:18:44 +0000" "Mon, 3 Jul 2006 23:18:45 +0000"
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'Check format "raw" date fields output' '
-	test_date raw "1151968723 +0200" "1151968724 +0200" "1151968725 +0200"
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'Check format "raw-local" date fields output' '
-	test_date raw-local "1151968723 +0000" "1151968724 +0000" "1151968725 +0000"
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'Check format of strftime date fields' '
-	echo "my date is 2006-07-04" >expected &&
-	git for-each-ref \
-	  --format="%(authordate:format:my date is %Y-%m-%d)" \
-	  refs/heads >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'Check format of strftime-local date fields' '
-	echo "my date is 2006-07-03" >expected &&
-	git for-each-ref \
-	  --format="%(authordate:format-local:my date is %Y-%m-%d)" \
-	  refs/heads >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'exercise strftime with odd fields' '
-	echo >expected &&
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(authordate:format:)" refs/heads >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual &&
-	long="long format -- $ZERO_OID$ZERO_OID$ZERO_OID$ZERO_OID$ZERO_OID$ZERO_OID$ZERO_OID" &&
-	echo $long >expected &&
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(authordate:format:$long)" refs/heads >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
-cat >expected <<\EOF
-refs/heads/main
-refs/remotes/origin/main
-refs/tags/testtag
-EOF
-
-test_expect_success 'Verify ascending sort' '
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(refname)" --sort=refname >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
-
-cat >expected <<\EOF
-refs/tags/testtag
-refs/remotes/origin/main
-refs/heads/main
-EOF
-
-test_expect_success 'Verify descending sort' '
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(refname)" --sort=-refname >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'Give help even with invalid sort atoms' '
-	test_expect_code 129 git for-each-ref --sort=bogus -h >actual 2>&1 &&
-	grep "^usage: git for-each-ref" actual
-'
-
-cat >expected <<\EOF
-refs/tags/testtag
-refs/tags/testtag-2
-EOF
-
-test_expect_success 'exercise patterns with prefixes' '
-	git tag testtag-2 &&
-	test_when_finished "git tag -d testtag-2" &&
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(refname)" \
-		refs/tags/testtag refs/tags/testtag-2 >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
-cat >expected <<\EOF
-refs/tags/testtag
-refs/tags/testtag-2
-EOF
-
-test_expect_success 'exercise glob patterns with prefixes' '
-	git tag testtag-2 &&
-	test_when_finished "git tag -d testtag-2" &&
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(refname)" \
-		refs/tags/testtag "refs/tags/testtag-*" >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
-cat >expected <<\EOF
-refs/tags/bar
-refs/tags/baz
-refs/tags/testtag
-EOF
-
-test_expect_success 'exercise patterns with prefix exclusions' '
-	for tag in foo/one foo/two foo/three bar baz
-	do
-		git tag "$tag" || return 1
-	done &&
-	test_when_finished "git tag -d foo/one foo/two foo/three bar baz" &&
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(refname)" \
-		refs/tags/ --exclude=refs/tags/foo >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
-cat >expected <<\EOF
-refs/tags/bar
-refs/tags/baz
-refs/tags/foo/one
-refs/tags/testtag
-EOF
-
-test_expect_success 'exercise patterns with pattern exclusions' '
-	for tag in foo/one foo/two foo/three bar baz
-	do
-		git tag "$tag" || return 1
-	done &&
-	test_when_finished "git tag -d foo/one foo/two foo/three bar baz" &&
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(refname)" \
-		refs/tags/ --exclude="refs/tags/foo/t*" >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
-cat >expected <<\EOF
-'refs/heads/main'
-'refs/remotes/origin/main'
-'refs/tags/testtag'
-EOF
-
-test_expect_success 'Quoting style: shell' '
-	git for-each-ref --shell --format="%(refname)" >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'Quoting style: perl' '
-	git for-each-ref --perl --format="%(refname)" >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'Quoting style: python' '
-	git for-each-ref --python --format="%(refname)" >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
-cat >expected <<\EOF
-"refs/heads/main"
-"refs/remotes/origin/main"
-"refs/tags/testtag"
-EOF
-
-test_expect_success 'Quoting style: tcl' '
-	git for-each-ref --tcl --format="%(refname)" >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
-for i in "--perl --shell" "-s --python" "--python --tcl" "--tcl --perl"; do
-	test_expect_success "more than one quoting style: $i" "
-		test_must_fail git for-each-ref $i 2>err &&
-		grep '^error: more than one quoting style' err
-	"
-done
-
-test_expect_success 'setup for upstream:track[short]' '
-	test_commit two
-'
-
-test_atom head upstream:track '[ahead 1]'
-test_atom head upstream:trackshort '>'
-test_atom head upstream:track,nobracket 'ahead 1'
-test_atom head upstream:nobracket,track 'ahead 1'
-
-test_expect_success 'setup for push:track[short]' '
-	test_commit third &&
-	git update-ref refs/remotes/myfork/main main &&
-	git reset main~1
-'
-
-test_atom head push:track '[behind 1]'
-test_atom head push:trackshort '<'
-
-test_expect_success 'Check that :track[short] cannot be used with other atoms' '
-	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(refname:track)" 2>/dev/null &&
-	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(refname:trackshort)" 2>/dev/null
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'Check that :track[short] works when upstream is invalid' '
-	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
-	[gone]
-
-	EOF
-	test_when_finished "git config branch.main.merge refs/heads/main" &&
-	git config branch.main.merge refs/heads/does-not-exist &&
-	git for-each-ref \
-		--format="%(upstream:track)$LF%(upstream:trackshort)" \
-		refs/heads >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'Check for invalid refname format' '
-	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(refname:INVALID)"
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'set up color tests' '
-	cat >expected.color <<-EOF &&
-	$(git rev-parse --short refs/heads/main) <GREEN>main<RESET>
-	$(git rev-parse --short refs/remotes/myfork/main) <GREEN>myfork/main<RESET>
-	$(git rev-parse --short refs/remotes/origin/main) <GREEN>origin/main<RESET>
-	$(git rev-parse --short refs/tags/testtag) <GREEN>testtag<RESET>
-	$(git rev-parse --short refs/tags/third) <GREEN>third<RESET>
-	$(git rev-parse --short refs/tags/two) <GREEN>two<RESET>
-	EOF
-	sed "s/<[^>]*>//g" <expected.color >expected.bare &&
-	color_format="%(objectname:short) %(color:green)%(refname:short)"
-'
-
-test_expect_success TTY '%(color) shows color with a tty' '
-	test_terminal git for-each-ref --format="$color_format" >actual.raw &&
-	test_decode_color <actual.raw >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected.color actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success '%(color) does not show color without tty' '
-	TERM=vt100 git for-each-ref --format="$color_format" >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected.bare actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success '--color can override tty check' '
-	git for-each-ref --color --format="$color_format" >actual.raw &&
-	test_decode_color <actual.raw >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected.color actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'color.ui=always does not override tty check' '
-	git -c color.ui=always for-each-ref --format="$color_format" >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected.bare actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'setup for describe atom tests' '
-	git init -b master describe-repo &&
-	(
-		cd describe-repo &&
-
-		test_commit --no-tag one &&
-		git tag tagone &&
-
-		test_commit --no-tag two &&
-		git tag -a -m "tag two" tagtwo
-	)
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'describe atom vs git describe' '
-	(
-		cd describe-repo &&
-
-		git for-each-ref --format="%(objectname)" \
-			refs/tags/ >obj &&
-		while read hash
-		do
-			if desc=$(git describe $hash)
-			then
-				: >expect-contains-good
-			else
-				: >expect-contains-bad
-			fi &&
-			echo "$hash $desc" || return 1
-		done <obj >expect &&
-		test_path_exists expect-contains-good &&
-		test_path_exists expect-contains-bad &&
-
-		git for-each-ref --format="%(objectname) %(describe)" \
-			refs/tags/ >actual 2>err &&
-		test_cmp expect actual &&
-		test_must_be_empty err
-	)
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'describe:tags vs describe --tags' '
-	(
-		cd describe-repo &&
-		git describe --tags >expect &&
-		git for-each-ref --format="%(describe:tags)" \
-				refs/heads/master >actual &&
-		test_cmp expect actual
-	)
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'describe:abbrev=... vs describe --abbrev=...' '
-	(
-		cd describe-repo &&
-
-		# Case 1: We have commits between HEAD and the most
-		#	  recent tag reachable from it
-		test_commit --no-tag file &&
-		git describe --abbrev=14 >expect &&
-		git for-each-ref --format="%(describe:abbrev=14)" \
-			refs/heads/master >actual &&
-		test_cmp expect actual &&
-
-		# Make sure the hash used is at least 14 digits long
-		sed -e "s/^.*-g\([0-9a-f]*\)$/\1/" <actual >hexpart &&
-		test 15 -le $(wc -c <hexpart) &&
-
-		# Case 2: We have a tag at HEAD, describe directly gives
-		#	  the name of the tag
-		git tag -a -m tagged tagname &&
-		git describe --abbrev=14 >expect &&
-		git for-each-ref --format="%(describe:abbrev=14)" \
-			refs/heads/master >actual &&
-		test_cmp expect actual &&
-		test tagname = $(cat actual)
-	)
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'describe:match=... vs describe --match ...' '
-	(
-		cd describe-repo &&
-		git tag -a -m "tag foo" tag-foo &&
-		git describe --match "*-foo" >expect &&
-		git for-each-ref --format="%(describe:match="*-foo")" \
-			refs/heads/master >actual &&
-		test_cmp expect actual
-	)
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'describe:exclude:... vs describe --exclude ...' '
-	(
-		cd describe-repo &&
-		git tag -a -m "tag bar" tag-bar &&
-		git describe --exclude "*-bar" >expect &&
-		git for-each-ref --format="%(describe:exclude="*-bar")" \
-			refs/heads/master >actual &&
-		test_cmp expect actual
-	)
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'deref with describe atom' '
-	(
-		cd describe-repo &&
-		cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
-
-		tagname
-		tagname
-		tagname
-
-		tagtwo
-		EOF
-		git for-each-ref --format="%(*describe)" >actual &&
-		test_cmp expect actual
-	)
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'err on bad describe atom arg' '
-	(
-		cd describe-repo &&
-
-		# The bad arg is the only arg passed to describe atom
-		cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
-		fatal: unrecognized %(describe) argument: baz
-		EOF
-		test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(describe:baz)" \
-			refs/heads/master 2>actual &&
-		test_cmp expect actual &&
-
-		# The bad arg is in the middle of the option string
-		# passed to the describe atom
-		cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
-		fatal: unrecognized %(describe) argument: qux=1,abbrev=14
-		EOF
-		test_must_fail git for-each-ref \
-			--format="%(describe:tags,qux=1,abbrev=14)" \
-			ref/heads/master 2>actual &&
-		test_cmp expect actual
-	)
-'
-
-cat >expected <<\EOF
-heads/main
-tags/main
-EOF
-
-test_expect_success 'Check ambiguous head and tag refs (strict)' '
-	git config --bool core.warnambiguousrefs true &&
-	git checkout -b newtag &&
-	echo "Using $datestamp" > one &&
-	git add one &&
-	git commit -m "Branch" &&
-	setdate_and_increment &&
-	git tag -m "Tagging at $datestamp" main &&
-	git for-each-ref --format "%(refname:short)" refs/heads/main refs/tags/main >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
-cat >expected <<\EOF
-heads/main
-main
-EOF
-
-test_expect_success 'Check ambiguous head and tag refs (loose)' '
-	git config --bool core.warnambiguousrefs false &&
-	git for-each-ref --format "%(refname:short)" refs/heads/main refs/tags/main >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
-cat >expected <<\EOF
-heads/ambiguous
-ambiguous
-EOF
-
-test_expect_success 'Check ambiguous head and tag refs II (loose)' '
-	git checkout main &&
-	git tag ambiguous testtag^0 &&
-	git branch ambiguous testtag^0 &&
-	git for-each-ref --format "%(refname:short)" refs/heads/ambiguous refs/tags/ambiguous >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'create tag without tagger' '
-	git tag -a -m "Broken tag" taggerless &&
-	git tag -f taggerless $(git cat-file tag taggerless |
-		sed -e "/^tagger /d" |
-		git hash-object --literally --stdin -w -t tag)
-'
-
-test_atom refs/tags/taggerless type 'commit'
-test_atom refs/tags/taggerless tag 'taggerless'
-test_atom refs/tags/taggerless tagger ''
-test_atom refs/tags/taggerless taggername ''
-test_atom refs/tags/taggerless taggeremail ''
-test_atom refs/tags/taggerless taggeremail:trim ''
-test_atom refs/tags/taggerless taggeremail:localpart ''
-test_atom refs/tags/taggerless taggerdate ''
-test_atom refs/tags/taggerless committer ''
-test_atom refs/tags/taggerless committername ''
-test_atom refs/tags/taggerless committeremail ''
-test_atom refs/tags/taggerless committeremail:trim ''
-test_atom refs/tags/taggerless committeremail:localpart ''
-test_atom refs/tags/taggerless committerdate ''
-test_atom refs/tags/taggerless subject 'Broken tag'
-
-test_expect_success 'an unusual tag with an incomplete line' '
-
-	git tag -m "bogo" bogo &&
-	bogo=$(git cat-file tag bogo) &&
-	bogo=$(printf "%s" "$bogo" | git mktag) &&
-	git tag -f bogo "$bogo" &&
-	git for-each-ref --format "%(body)" refs/tags/bogo
-
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'create tag with subject and body content' '
-	cat >>msg <<-\EOF &&
-		the subject line
-
-		first body line
-		second body line
-	EOF
-	git tag -F msg subject-body
-'
-test_atom refs/tags/subject-body subject 'the subject line'
-test_atom refs/tags/subject-body subject:sanitize 'the-subject-line'
-test_atom refs/tags/subject-body body 'first body line
-second body line
-'
-test_atom refs/tags/subject-body contents 'the subject line
-
-first body line
-second body line
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'create tag with multiline subject' '
-	cat >msg <<-\EOF &&
-		first subject line
-		second subject line
-
-		first body line
-		second body line
-	EOF
-	git tag -F msg multiline
-'
-test_atom refs/tags/multiline subject 'first subject line second subject line'
-test_atom refs/tags/multiline subject:sanitize 'first-subject-line-second-subject-line'
-test_atom refs/tags/multiline contents:subject 'first subject line second subject line'
-test_atom refs/tags/multiline body 'first body line
-second body line
-'
-test_atom refs/tags/multiline contents:body 'first body line
-second body line
-'
-test_atom refs/tags/multiline contents:signature ''
-test_atom refs/tags/multiline contents 'first subject line
-second subject line
-
-first body line
-second body line
-'
-
-test_expect_success GPG 'create signed tags' '
-	git tag -s -m "" signed-empty &&
-	git tag -s -m "subject line" signed-short &&
-	cat >msg <<-\EOF &&
-	subject line
-
-	body contents
-	EOF
-	git tag -s -F msg signed-long
-'
-
-sig='-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
------END PGP SIGNATURE-----
-'
-
-PREREQ=GPG
-test_atom refs/tags/signed-empty subject ''
-test_atom refs/tags/signed-empty subject:sanitize ''
-test_atom refs/tags/signed-empty contents:subject ''
-test_atom refs/tags/signed-empty body "$sig"
-test_atom refs/tags/signed-empty contents:body ''
-test_atom refs/tags/signed-empty contents:signature "$sig"
-test_atom refs/tags/signed-empty contents "$sig"
-
-test_expect_success GPG 'basic atom: refs/tags/signed-empty raw' '
-	git cat-file tag refs/tags/signed-empty >expected &&
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(raw)" refs/tags/signed-empty >actual &&
-	sanitize_pgp <expected >expected.clean &&
-	echo >>expected.clean &&
-	sanitize_pgp <actual >actual.clean &&
-	test_cmp expected.clean actual.clean
-'
-
-test_atom refs/tags/signed-short subject 'subject line'
-test_atom refs/tags/signed-short subject:sanitize 'subject-line'
-test_atom refs/tags/signed-short contents:subject 'subject line'
-test_atom refs/tags/signed-short body "$sig"
-test_atom refs/tags/signed-short contents:body ''
-test_atom refs/tags/signed-short contents:signature "$sig"
-test_atom refs/tags/signed-short contents "subject line
-$sig"
-
-test_expect_success GPG 'basic atom: refs/tags/signed-short raw' '
-	git cat-file tag refs/tags/signed-short >expected &&
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(raw)" refs/tags/signed-short >actual &&
-	sanitize_pgp <expected >expected.clean &&
-	echo >>expected.clean &&
-	sanitize_pgp <actual >actual.clean &&
-	test_cmp expected.clean actual.clean
-'
-
-test_atom refs/tags/signed-long subject 'subject line'
-test_atom refs/tags/signed-long subject:sanitize 'subject-line'
-test_atom refs/tags/signed-long contents:subject 'subject line'
-test_atom refs/tags/signed-long body "body contents
-$sig"
-test_atom refs/tags/signed-long contents:body 'body contents
-'
-test_atom refs/tags/signed-long contents:signature "$sig"
-test_atom refs/tags/signed-long contents "subject line
-
-body contents
-$sig"
-
-test_expect_success GPG 'basic atom: refs/tags/signed-long raw' '
-	git cat-file tag refs/tags/signed-long >expected &&
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(raw)" refs/tags/signed-long >actual &&
-	sanitize_pgp <expected >expected.clean &&
-	echo >>expected.clean &&
-	sanitize_pgp <actual >actual.clean &&
-	test_cmp expected.clean actual.clean
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'set up refs pointing to tree and blob' '
-	git update-ref refs/mytrees/first refs/heads/main^{tree} &&
-	git update-ref refs/myblobs/first refs/heads/main:one
-'
-
-test_atom refs/mytrees/first subject ""
-test_atom refs/mytrees/first contents:subject ""
-test_atom refs/mytrees/first body ""
-test_atom refs/mytrees/first contents:body ""
-test_atom refs/mytrees/first contents:signature ""
-test_atom refs/mytrees/first contents ""
-
-test_expect_success 'basic atom: refs/mytrees/first raw' '
-	git cat-file tree refs/mytrees/first >expected &&
-	echo >>expected &&
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(raw)" refs/mytrees/first >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual &&
-	git cat-file -s refs/mytrees/first >expected &&
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(raw:size)" refs/mytrees/first >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
-test_atom refs/myblobs/first subject ""
-test_atom refs/myblobs/first contents:subject ""
-test_atom refs/myblobs/first body ""
-test_atom refs/myblobs/first contents:body ""
-test_atom refs/myblobs/first contents:signature ""
-test_atom refs/myblobs/first contents ""
-
-test_expect_success 'basic atom: refs/myblobs/first raw' '
-	git cat-file blob refs/myblobs/first >expected &&
-	echo >>expected &&
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(raw)" refs/myblobs/first >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual &&
-	git cat-file -s refs/myblobs/first >expected &&
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(raw:size)" refs/myblobs/first >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'set up refs pointing to binary blob' '
-	printf "a\0b\0c" >blob1 &&
-	printf "a\0c\0b" >blob2 &&
-	printf "\0a\0b\0c" >blob3 &&
-	printf "abc" >blob4 &&
-	printf "\0 \0 \0 " >blob5 &&
-	printf "\0 \0a\0 " >blob6 &&
-	printf "  " >blob7 &&
-	>blob8 &&
-	obj=$(git hash-object -w blob1) &&
-	git update-ref refs/myblobs/blob1 "$obj" &&
-	obj=$(git hash-object -w blob2) &&
-	git update-ref refs/myblobs/blob2 "$obj" &&
-	obj=$(git hash-object -w blob3) &&
-	git update-ref refs/myblobs/blob3 "$obj" &&
-	obj=$(git hash-object -w blob4) &&
-	git update-ref refs/myblobs/blob4 "$obj" &&
-	obj=$(git hash-object -w blob5) &&
-	git update-ref refs/myblobs/blob5 "$obj" &&
-	obj=$(git hash-object -w blob6) &&
-	git update-ref refs/myblobs/blob6 "$obj" &&
-	obj=$(git hash-object -w blob7) &&
-	git update-ref refs/myblobs/blob7 "$obj" &&
-	obj=$(git hash-object -w blob8) &&
-	git update-ref refs/myblobs/blob8 "$obj"
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'Verify sorts with raw' '
-	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
-	refs/myblobs/blob8
-	refs/myblobs/blob5
-	refs/myblobs/blob6
-	refs/myblobs/blob3
-	refs/myblobs/blob7
-	refs/mytrees/first
-	refs/myblobs/first
-	refs/myblobs/blob1
-	refs/myblobs/blob2
-	refs/myblobs/blob4
-	refs/heads/main
-	EOF
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(refname)" --sort=raw \
-		refs/heads/main refs/myblobs/ refs/mytrees/first >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'Verify sorts with raw:size' '
-	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
-	refs/myblobs/blob8
-	refs/myblobs/blob7
-	refs/myblobs/blob4
-	refs/myblobs/blob1
-	refs/myblobs/blob2
-	refs/myblobs/blob3
-	refs/myblobs/blob5
-	refs/myblobs/blob6
-	refs/myblobs/first
-	refs/mytrees/first
-	refs/heads/main
-	EOF
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(refname)" --sort=raw:size \
-		refs/heads/main refs/myblobs/ refs/mytrees/first >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'validate raw atom with %(if:equals)' '
-	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
-	not equals
-	not equals
-	not equals
-	not equals
-	not equals
-	not equals
-	refs/myblobs/blob4
-	not equals
-	not equals
-	not equals
-	not equals
-	not equals
-	EOF
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(if:equals=abc)%(raw)%(then)%(refname)%(else)not equals%(end)" \
-		refs/myblobs/ refs/heads/ >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'validate raw atom with %(if:notequals)' '
-	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
-	refs/heads/ambiguous
-	refs/heads/main
-	refs/heads/newtag
-	refs/myblobs/blob1
-	refs/myblobs/blob2
-	refs/myblobs/blob3
-	equals
-	refs/myblobs/blob5
-	refs/myblobs/blob6
-	refs/myblobs/blob7
-	refs/myblobs/blob8
-	refs/myblobs/first
-	EOF
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(if:notequals=abc)%(raw)%(then)%(refname)%(else)equals%(end)" \
-		refs/myblobs/ refs/heads/ >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'empty raw refs with %(if)' '
-	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
-	refs/myblobs/blob1 not empty
-	refs/myblobs/blob2 not empty
-	refs/myblobs/blob3 not empty
-	refs/myblobs/blob4 not empty
-	refs/myblobs/blob5 not empty
-	refs/myblobs/blob6 not empty
-	refs/myblobs/blob7 empty
-	refs/myblobs/blob8 empty
-	refs/myblobs/first not empty
-	EOF
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(refname) %(if)%(raw)%(then)not empty%(else)empty%(end)" \
-		refs/myblobs/ >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success '%(raw) with --python must fail' '
-	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(raw)" --python
-'
-
-test_expect_success '%(raw) with --tcl must fail' '
-	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(raw)" --tcl
-'
-
-test_expect_success PERL_TEST_HELPERS '%(raw) with --perl' '
-	git for-each-ref --format="\$name= %(raw);
-print \"\$name\"" refs/myblobs/blob1 --perl | perl >actual &&
-	cmp blob1 actual &&
-	git for-each-ref --format="\$name= %(raw);
-print \"\$name\"" refs/myblobs/blob3 --perl | perl >actual &&
-	cmp blob3 actual &&
-	git for-each-ref --format="\$name= %(raw);
-print \"\$name\"" refs/myblobs/blob8 --perl | perl >actual &&
-	cmp blob8 actual &&
-	git for-each-ref --format="\$name= %(raw);
-print \"\$name\"" refs/myblobs/first --perl | perl >actual &&
-	cmp one actual &&
-	git cat-file tree refs/mytrees/first > expected &&
-	git for-each-ref --format="\$name= %(raw);
-print \"\$name\"" refs/mytrees/first --perl | perl >actual &&
-	cmp expected actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success '%(raw) with --shell must fail' '
-	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(raw)" --shell
-'
-
-test_expect_success '%(raw) with --shell and --sort=raw must fail' '
-	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(raw)" --sort=raw --shell
-'
-
-test_expect_success '%(raw:size) with --shell' '
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(raw:size)" | sed "s/^/$SQ/;s/$/$SQ/" >expect &&
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(raw:size)" --shell >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'for-each-ref --format compare with cat-file --batch' '
-	git rev-parse refs/mytrees/first | git cat-file --batch >expected &&
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(objectname) %(objecttype) %(objectsize)
-%(raw)" refs/mytrees/first >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'verify sorts with contents:size' '
-	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
-	refs/heads/main
-	refs/heads/newtag
-	refs/heads/ambiguous
-	EOF
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(refname)" \
-		--sort=contents:size refs/heads/ >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'set up multiple-sort tags' '
-	for when in 100000 200000
-	do
-		for email in user1 user2
-		do
-			for ref in ref1 ref2
-			do
-				GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="@$when +0000" \
-				GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL="[email-masked]" \
-				git tag -m "tag $ref-$when-$email" \
-				multi-$ref-$when-$email || return 1
-			done
-		done
-	done
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'Verify sort with multiple keys' '
-	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
-	100000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref2-100000-user1
-	100000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref1-100000-user1
-	100000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref2-100000-user2
-	100000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref1-100000-user2
-	200000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref2-200000-user1
-	200000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref1-200000-user1
-	200000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref2-200000-user2
-	200000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref1-200000-user2
-	EOF
-	git for-each-ref \
-		--format="%(taggerdate:unix) %(taggeremail) %(refname)" \
-		--sort=-refname \
-		--sort=taggeremail \
-		--sort=taggerdate \
-		"refs/tags/multi-*" >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'equivalent sorts fall back on refname' '
-	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
-	100000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref1-100000-user1
-	100000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref1-100000-user2
-	100000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref2-100000-user1
-	100000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref2-100000-user2
-	200000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref1-200000-user1
-	200000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref1-200000-user2
-	200000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref2-200000-user1
-	200000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref2-200000-user2
-	EOF
-	git for-each-ref \
-		--format="%(taggerdate:unix) %(taggeremail) %(refname)" \
-		--sort=taggerdate \
-		"refs/tags/multi-*" >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success '--no-sort cancels the previous sort keys' '
-	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
-	100000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref1-100000-user1
-	100000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref1-100000-user2
-	100000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref2-100000-user1
-	100000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref2-100000-user2
-	200000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref1-200000-user1
-	200000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref1-200000-user2
-	200000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref2-200000-user1
-	200000 <[email-masked]> refs/tags/multi-ref2-200000-user2
-	EOF
-	git for-each-ref \
-		--format="%(taggerdate:unix) %(taggeremail) %(refname)" \
-		--sort=-refname \
-		--sort=taggeremail \
-		--no-sort \
-		--sort=taggerdate \
-		"refs/tags/multi-*" >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success '--no-sort without subsequent --sort prints expected refs' '
-	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
-	refs/tags/multi-ref1-100000-user1
-	refs/tags/multi-ref1-100000-user2
-	refs/tags/multi-ref1-200000-user1
-	refs/tags/multi-ref1-200000-user2
-	refs/tags/multi-ref2-100000-user1
-	refs/tags/multi-ref2-100000-user2
-	refs/tags/multi-ref2-200000-user1
-	refs/tags/multi-ref2-200000-user2
-	EOF
-
-	# Sort the results with `sort` for a consistent comparison against
-	# expected
-	git for-each-ref \
-		--format="%(refname)" \
-		--no-sort \
-		"refs/tags/multi-*" | sort >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'set up custom date sorting' '
-	# Dates:
-	# - Wed Feb 07 2024 21:34:20 +0000
-	# - Tue Dec 14 1999 00:05:22 +0000
-	# - Fri Jun 04 2021 11:26:51 +0000
-	# - Mon Jan 22 2007 16:44:01 GMT+0000
-	i=1 &&
-	for when in 1707341660 945129922 1622806011 1169484241
-	do
-		GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="@$when +0000" \
-		GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL="[email-masked]" \
-		git tag -m "tag $when" custom-dates-$i &&
-		i=$(($i+1)) || return 1
-	done
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'sort by date defaults to full timestamp' '
-	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
-	945129922 refs/tags/custom-dates-2
-	1169484241 refs/tags/custom-dates-4
-	1622806011 refs/tags/custom-dates-3
-	1707341660 refs/tags/custom-dates-1
-	EOF
-
-	git for-each-ref \
-		--format="%(creatordate:unix) %(refname)" \
-		--sort=creatordate \
-		"refs/tags/custom-dates-*" >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'sort by custom date format' '
-	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
-	00:05:22 refs/tags/custom-dates-2
-	11:26:51 refs/tags/custom-dates-3
-	16:44:01 refs/tags/custom-dates-4
-	21:34:20 refs/tags/custom-dates-1
-	EOF
-
-	git for-each-ref \
-		--format="%(creatordate:format:%H:%M:%S) %(refname)" \
-		--sort="creatordate:format:%H:%M:%S" \
-		"refs/tags/custom-dates-*" >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'do not dereference NULL upon %(HEAD) on unborn branch' '
-	test_when_finished "git checkout main" &&
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(HEAD) %(refname:short)" refs/heads/ >actual &&
-	sed -e "s/^\* /  /" actual >expect &&
-	git checkout --orphan orphaned-branch &&
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(HEAD) %(refname:short)" refs/heads/ >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
-'
-
-cat >trailers <<EOF
-Reviewed-by: A U Thor <[email-masked]>
-Signed-off-by: A U Thor <[email-masked]>
-[ v2 updated patch description ]
-Acked-by: A U Thor
-  <[email-masked]>
-EOF
-
-unfold () {
-	perl -0pe 's/\n\s+/ /g'
-}
-
-test_expect_success 'set up trailers for next test' '
-	echo "Some contents" > two &&
-	git add two &&
-	git commit -F - <<-EOF
-	trailers: this commit message has trailers
-
-	Some message contents
-
-	$(cat trailers)
-	EOF
-'
-
-test_trailer_option () {
-	if test "$#" -eq 3
-	then
-		prereq="$1"
-		shift
-	fi &&
-	title=$1 option=$2
-	cat >expect
-	test_expect_success $prereq "$title" '
-		git for-each-ref --format="%($option)" refs/heads/main >actual &&
-		test_cmp expect actual &&
-		git for-each-ref --format="%(contents:$option)" refs/heads/main >actual &&
-		test_cmp expect actual
-	'
-}
-
-test_trailer_option PERL_TEST_HELPERS '%(trailers:unfold) unfolds trailers' \
-	'trailers:unfold' <<-EOF
-	$(unfold <trailers)
-
-	EOF
-
-test_trailer_option '%(trailers:only) shows only "key: value" trailers' \
-	'trailers:only' <<-EOF
-	$(grep -v patch.description <trailers)
-
-	EOF
-
-test_trailer_option '%(trailers:only=no,only=true) shows only "key: value" trailers' \
-	'trailers:only=no,only=true' <<-EOF
-	$(grep -v patch.description <trailers)
-
-	EOF
-
-test_trailer_option '%(trailers:only=yes) shows only "key: value" trailers' \
-	'trailers:only=yes' <<-EOF
-	$(grep -v patch.description <trailers)
-
-	EOF
-
-test_trailer_option '%(trailers:only=no) shows all trailers' \
-	'trailers:only=no' <<-EOF
-	$(cat trailers)
-
-	EOF
-
-test_trailer_option PERL_TEST_HELPERS '%(trailers:only) and %(trailers:unfold) work together' \
-	'trailers:only,unfold' <<-EOF
-	$(grep -v patch.description <trailers | unfold)
-
-	EOF
-
-test_trailer_option PERL_TEST_HELPERS '%(trailers:unfold) and %(trailers:only) work together' \
-	'trailers:unfold,only' <<-EOF
-	$(grep -v patch.description <trailers | unfold)
-
-	EOF
-
-test_trailer_option '%(trailers:key=foo) shows that trailer' \
-	'trailers:key=Signed-off-by' <<-EOF
-	Signed-off-by: A U Thor <[email-masked]>
-
-	EOF
-
-test_trailer_option '%(trailers:key=foo) is case insensitive' \
-	'trailers:key=SiGned-oFf-bY' <<-EOF
-	Signed-off-by: A U Thor <[email-masked]>
-
-	EOF
-
-test_trailer_option '%(trailers:key=foo:) trailing colon also works' \
-	'trailers:key=Signed-off-by:' <<-EOF
-	Signed-off-by: A U Thor <[email-masked]>
-
-	EOF
-
-test_trailer_option '%(trailers:key=foo) multiple keys' \
-	'trailers:key=Reviewed-by:,key=Signed-off-by' <<-EOF
-	Reviewed-by: A U Thor <[email-masked]>
-	Signed-off-by: A U Thor <[email-masked]>
-
-	EOF
-
-test_trailer_option '%(trailers:key=nonexistent) becomes empty' \
-	'trailers:key=Shined-off-by:' <<-EOF
-
-	EOF
-
-test_trailer_option '%(trailers:key=foo) handles multiple lines even if folded' \
-	'trailers:key=Acked-by' <<-EOF
-	$(grep -v patch.description <trailers | grep -v Signed-off-by | grep -v Reviewed-by)
-
-	EOF
-
-test_trailer_option '%(trailers:key=foo,unfold) properly unfolds' \
-	'trailers:key=Signed-Off-by,unfold' <<-EOF
-	$(unfold <trailers | grep Signed-off-by)
-
-	EOF
-
-test_trailer_option '%(trailers:key=foo,only=no) also includes nontrailer lines' \
-	'trailers:key=Signed-off-by,only=no' <<-EOF
-	Signed-off-by: A U Thor <[email-masked]>
-	$(grep patch.description <trailers)
-
-	EOF
-
-test_trailer_option '%(trailers:key=foo,valueonly) shows only value' \
-	'trailers:key=Signed-off-by,valueonly' <<-EOF
-	A U Thor <[email-masked]>
-
-	EOF
-
-test_trailer_option '%(trailers:separator) changes separator' \
-	'trailers:separator=%x2C,key=Reviewed-by,key=Signed-off-by:' <<-EOF
-	Reviewed-by: A U Thor <[email-masked]>,Signed-off-by: A U Thor <[email-masked]>
-	EOF
-
-test_trailer_option '%(trailers:key_value_separator) changes key-value separator' \
-	'trailers:key_value_separator=%x2C,key=Reviewed-by,key=Signed-off-by:' <<-EOF
-	Reviewed-by,A U Thor <[email-masked]>
-	Signed-off-by,A U Thor <[email-masked]>
-
-	EOF
-
-test_trailer_option '%(trailers:separator,key_value_separator) changes both separators' \
-	'trailers:separator=%x2C,key_value_separator=%x2C,key=Reviewed-by,key=Signed-off-by:' <<-EOF
-	Reviewed-by,A U Thor <[email-masked]>,Signed-off-by,A U Thor <[email-masked]>
-	EOF
-
-test_expect_success 'multiple %(trailers) use their own options' '
-	git tag -F - tag-with-trailers <<-\EOF &&
-	body
-
-	one: foo
-	one: bar
-	two: baz
-	two: qux
-	EOF
-	t1="%(trailers:key=one,key_value_separator=W,separator=X)" &&
-	t2="%(trailers:key=two,key_value_separator=Y,separator=Z)" &&
-	git for-each-ref --format="$t1%0a$t2" refs/tags/tag-with-trailers >actual &&
-	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
-	oneWfooXoneWbar
-	twoYbazZtwoYqux
-	EOF
-	test_cmp expect actual
-'
-
-test_failing_trailer_option () {
-	title=$1 option=$2
-	cat >expect
-	test_expect_success "$title" '
-		# error message cannot be checked under i18n
-		test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%($option)" refs/heads/main 2>actual &&
-		test_cmp expect actual &&
-		test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(contents:$option)" refs/heads/main 2>actual &&
-		test_cmp expect actual
-	'
-}
-
-test_failing_trailer_option '%(trailers) rejects unknown trailers arguments' \
-	'trailers:unsupported' <<-\EOF
-	fatal: unknown %(trailers) argument: unsupported
-	EOF
-
-test_failing_trailer_option '%(trailers:key) without value is error' \
-	'trailers:key' <<-\EOF
-	fatal: expected %(trailers:key=<value>)
-	EOF
-
-test_expect_success 'if arguments, %(contents:trailers) shows error if colon is missing' '
-	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
-	fatal: unrecognized %(contents) argument: trailersonly
-	EOF
-	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(contents:trailersonly)" 2>actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'basic atom: head contents:trailers' '
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(contents:trailers)" refs/heads/main >actual &&
-	sanitize_pgp <actual >actual.clean &&
-	# git for-each-ref ends with a blank line
-	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
-	$(cat trailers)
-
-	EOF
-	test_cmp expect actual.clean
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'basic atom: rest must fail' '
-	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(rest)" refs/heads/main
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'HEAD atom does not take arguments' '
-	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(HEAD:foo)" 2>err &&
-	echo "fatal: %(HEAD) does not take arguments" >expect &&
-	test_cmp expect err
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'subject atom rejects unknown arguments' '
-	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(subject:foo)" 2>err &&
-	echo "fatal: unrecognized %(subject) argument: foo" >expect &&
-	test_cmp expect err
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'refname atom rejects unknown arguments' '
-	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(refname:foo)" 2>err &&
-	echo "fatal: unrecognized %(refname) argument: foo" >expect &&
-	test_cmp expect err
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'trailer parsing not fooled by --- line' '
-	git commit --allow-empty -F - <<-\EOF &&
-	this is the subject
-
-	This is the body. The message has a "---" line which would confuse a
-	message+patch parser. But here we know we have only a commit message,
-	so we get it right.
-
-	trailer: wrong
-	---
-	This is more body.
-
-	trailer: right
-	EOF
-
-	{
-		echo "trailer: right" &&
-		echo
-	} >expect &&
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(trailers)" refs/heads/main >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'Add symbolic ref for the following tests' '
-	git symbolic-ref refs/heads/sym refs/heads/main
-'
-
-cat >expected <<EOF
-refs/heads/main
-EOF
-
-test_expect_success 'Verify usage of %(symref) atom' '
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(symref)" refs/heads/sym >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
-cat >expected <<EOF
-heads/main
-EOF
-
-test_expect_success 'Verify usage of %(symref:short) atom' '
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(symref:short)" refs/heads/sym >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
-cat >expected <<EOF
-main
-heads/main
-EOF
-
-test_expect_success 'Verify usage of %(symref:lstrip) atom' '
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(symref:lstrip=2)" refs/heads/sym > actual &&
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(symref:lstrip=-2)" refs/heads/sym >> actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual &&
-
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(symref:strip=2)" refs/heads/sym > actual &&
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(symref:strip=-2)" refs/heads/sym >> actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
-cat >expected <<EOF
-refs
-refs/heads
-EOF
-
-test_expect_success 'Verify usage of %(symref:rstrip) atom' '
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(symref:rstrip=2)" refs/heads/sym > actual &&
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(symref:rstrip=-2)" refs/heads/sym >> actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success ':remotename and :remoteref' '
-	git init remote-tests &&
-	(
-		cd remote-tests &&
-		test_commit initial &&
-		git branch -M main &&
-		git remote add from fifth.coffee:blub &&
-		git config branch.main.remote from &&
-		git config branch.main.merge refs/heads/stable &&
-		git remote add to southridge.audio:repo &&
-		git config remote.to.push "refs/heads/*:refs/heads/pushed/*" &&
-		git config branch.main.pushRemote to &&
-		for pair in "%(upstream)=refs/remotes/from/stable" \
-			"%(upstream:remotename)=from" \
-			"%(upstream:remoteref)=refs/heads/stable" \
-			"%(push)=refs/remotes/to/pushed/main" \
-			"%(push:remotename)=to" \
-			"%(push:remoteref)=refs/heads/pushed/main"
-		do
-			echo "${pair#*=}" >expect &&
-			git for-each-ref --format="${pair%=*}" \
-				refs/heads/main >actual &&
-			test_cmp expect actual || exit 1
-		done &&
-		git branch push-simple &&
-		git config branch.push-simple.pushRemote from &&
-		actual="$(git for-each-ref \
-			--format="%(push:remotename),%(push:remoteref)" \
-			refs/heads/push-simple)" &&
-		test from, = "$actual"
-	)
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'for-each-ref --ignore-case ignores case' '
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(refname)" refs/heads/MAIN >actual &&
-	test_must_be_empty actual &&
-
-	echo refs/heads/main >expect &&
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(refname)" --ignore-case \
-		refs/heads/MAIN >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'for-each-ref --omit-empty works' '
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(refname)" >actual &&
-	test_line_count -gt 1 actual &&
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(if:equals=refs/heads/main)%(refname)%(then)%(refname)%(end)" --omit-empty >actual &&
-	echo refs/heads/main >expect &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'for-each-ref --ignore-case works on multiple sort keys' '
-	# name refs numerically to avoid case-insensitive filesystem conflicts
-	nr=0 &&
-	for email in a A b B
-	do
-		for subject in a A b B
-		do
-			GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL="[email-masked]" \
-			git tag -m "tag $subject" icase-$(printf %02d $nr) &&
-			nr=$((nr+1))||
-			return 1
-		done
-	done &&
-	git for-each-ref --ignore-case \
-		--format="%(taggeremail) %(subject) %(refname)" \
-		--sort=refname \
-		--sort=subject \
-		--sort=taggeremail \
-		refs/tags/icase-* >actual &&
-	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
-	<[email-masked]> tag a refs/tags/icase-00
-	<[email-masked]> tag A refs/tags/icase-01
-	<[email-masked]> tag a refs/tags/icase-04
-	<[email-masked]> tag A refs/tags/icase-05
-	<[email-masked]> tag b refs/tags/icase-02
-	<[email-masked]> tag B refs/tags/icase-03
-	<[email-masked]> tag b refs/tags/icase-06
-	<[email-masked]> tag B refs/tags/icase-07
-	<[email-masked]> tag a refs/tags/icase-08
-	<[email-masked]> tag A refs/tags/icase-09
-	<[email-masked]> tag a refs/tags/icase-12
-	<[email-masked]> tag A refs/tags/icase-13
-	<[email-masked]> tag b refs/tags/icase-10
-	<[email-masked]> tag B refs/tags/icase-11
-	<[email-masked]> tag b refs/tags/icase-14
-	<[email-masked]> tag B refs/tags/icase-15
-	EOF
-	test_cmp expect actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'for-each-ref reports broken tags' '
-	git tag -m "good tag" broken-tag-good HEAD &&
-	git cat-file tag broken-tag-good >good &&
-	sed s/commit/blob/ <good >bad &&
-	bad=$(git hash-object -w -t tag bad) &&
-	git update-ref refs/tags/broken-tag-bad $bad &&
-	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(*objectname)" \
-		refs/tags/broken-tag-*
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'set up tag with signature and no blank lines' '
-	git tag -F - fake-sig-no-blanks <<-\EOF
-	this is the subject
-	-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
-	not a real signature, but we just care about the
-	subject/body parsing. It is important here that
-	there are no blank lines in the signature.
-	-----END PGP SIGNATURE-----
-	EOF
-'
-
-test_atom refs/tags/fake-sig-no-blanks contents:subject 'this is the subject'
-test_atom refs/tags/fake-sig-no-blanks contents:body ''
-test_atom refs/tags/fake-sig-no-blanks contents:signature "$sig"
-
-test_expect_success 'set up tag with CRLF signature' '
-	append_cr <<-\EOF |
-	this is the subject
-	-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
-
-	not a real signature, but we just care about
-	the subject/body parsing. It is important here
-	that there is a blank line separating this
-	from the signature header.
-	-----END PGP SIGNATURE-----
-	EOF
-	git tag -F - --cleanup=verbatim fake-sig-crlf
-'
-
-test_atom refs/tags/fake-sig-crlf contents:subject 'this is the subject'
-test_atom refs/tags/fake-sig-crlf contents:body ''
-
-# CRLF is retained in the signature, so we have to pass our expected value
-# through append_cr. But test_atom requires a shell string, which means command
-# substitution, and the shell will strip trailing newlines from the output of
-# the substitution. Hack around it by adding and then removing a dummy line.
-sig_crlf="$(printf "%s" "$sig" | append_cr; echo dummy)"
-sig_crlf=${sig_crlf%dummy}
-test_atom refs/tags/fake-sig-crlf contents:signature "$sig_crlf"
-
-test_expect_success 'set up tag with signature and trailers' '
-	git tag -F - fake-sig-trailer <<-\EOF
-	this is the subject
-
-	this is the body
-
-	My-Trailer: foo
-	-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
-
-	not a real signature, but we just care about the
-	subject/body/trailer parsing.
-	-----END PGP SIGNATURE-----
-	EOF
-'
-
-# use "separator=" here to suppress the terminating newline
-test_atom refs/tags/fake-sig-trailer trailers:separator= 'My-Trailer: foo'
-
-test_expect_success 'git for-each-ref --stdin: empty' '
-	>in &&
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(refname)" --stdin <in >actual &&
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(refname)" >expect &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'git for-each-ref --stdin: fails if extra args' '
-	>in &&
-	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(refname)" \
-		--stdin refs/heads/extra <in 2>err &&
-	grep "unknown arguments supplied with --stdin" err
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'git for-each-ref --stdin: matches' '
-	cat >in <<-EOF &&
-	refs/tags/multi*
-	refs/heads/amb*
-	EOF
-
-	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
-	refs/heads/ambiguous
-	refs/tags/multi-ref1-100000-user1
-	refs/tags/multi-ref1-100000-user2
-	refs/tags/multi-ref1-200000-user1
-	refs/tags/multi-ref1-200000-user2
-	refs/tags/multi-ref2-100000-user1
-	refs/tags/multi-ref2-100000-user2
-	refs/tags/multi-ref2-200000-user1
-	refs/tags/multi-ref2-200000-user2
-	refs/tags/multiline
-	EOF
-
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(refname)" --stdin <in >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'git for-each-ref with non-existing refs' '
-	cat >in <<-EOF &&
-	refs/heads/this-ref-does-not-exist
-	refs/tags/bogus
-	EOF
-
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(refname)" --stdin <in >actual &&
-	test_must_be_empty actual &&
-
-	xargs git for-each-ref --format="%(refname)" <in >actual &&
-	test_must_be_empty actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'git for-each-ref with nested tags' '
-	git tag -am "Normal tag" nested/base HEAD &&
-	git tag -am "Nested tag" nested/nest1 refs/tags/nested/base &&
-	git tag -am "Double nested tag" nested/nest2 refs/tags/nested/nest1 &&
-
-	head_oid="$(git rev-parse HEAD)" &&
-	base_tag_oid="$(git rev-parse refs/tags/nested/base)" &&
-	nest1_tag_oid="$(git rev-parse refs/tags/nested/nest1)" &&
-	nest2_tag_oid="$(git rev-parse refs/tags/nested/nest2)" &&
-
-	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
-	refs/tags/nested/base $base_tag_oid tag $head_oid commit
-	refs/tags/nested/nest1 $nest1_tag_oid tag $head_oid commit
-	refs/tags/nested/nest2 $nest2_tag_oid tag $head_oid commit
-	EOF
-
-	git for-each-ref \
-		--format="%(refname) %(objectname) %(objecttype) %(*objectname) %(*objecttype)" \
-		refs/tags/nested/ >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'is-base atom with non-commits' '
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(is-base:HEAD) %(refname)" >out 2>err &&
-	grep "(HEAD) refs/heads/main" out &&
-
-	test_line_count = 2 err &&
-	grep "error: object .* is a commit, not a blob" err &&
-	grep "error: bad tag pointer to" err
-'
-
-GRADE_FORMAT="%(signature:grade)%0a%(signature:key)%0a%(signature:signer)%0a%(signature:fingerprint)%0a%(signature:primarykeyfingerprint)"
-TRUSTLEVEL_FORMAT="%(signature:trustlevel)%0a%(signature:key)%0a%(signature:signer)%0a%(signature:fingerprint)%0a%(signature:primarykeyfingerprint)"
-
-test_expect_success GPG 'setup for signature atom using gpg' '
-	git checkout -b signed &&
-
-	test_when_finished "test_unconfig commit.gpgSign" &&
-
-	echo "1" >file &&
-	git add file &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -S -m "file: 1" &&
-	git tag first-signed &&
-
-	echo "2" >file &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -a -m "file: 2" &&
-	git tag second-unsigned &&
-
-	git config commit.gpgSign 1 &&
-	echo "3" >file &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -a --no-gpg-sign -m "file: 3" &&
-	git tag third-unsigned &&
-
-	test_tick &&
-	git rebase -f HEAD^^ && git tag second-signed HEAD^ &&
-	git tag third-signed &&
-
-	echo "4" >file &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -a -SB7227189 -m "file: 4" &&
-	git tag fourth-signed &&
-
-	echo "5" >file &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -a --no-gpg-sign -m "file: 5" &&
-	git tag fifth-unsigned &&
-
-	echo "6" >file &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -a --no-gpg-sign -m "file: 6" &&
-
-	test_tick &&
-	git rebase -f HEAD^^ &&
-	git tag fifth-signed HEAD^ &&
-	git tag sixth-signed &&
-
-	echo "7" >file &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -a --no-gpg-sign -m "file: 7" &&
-	git tag seventh-unsigned
-'
-
-test_expect_success GPGSSH 'setup for signature atom using ssh' '
-	test_when_finished "test_unconfig gpg.format user.signingkey" &&
-
-	test_config gpg.format ssh &&
-	test_config user.signingkey "${GPGSSH_KEY_PRIMARY}" &&
-	echo "8" >file &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git add file &&
-	git commit -S -m "file: 8" &&
-	git tag eighth-signed-ssh
-'
-
-test_expect_success GPG2 'bare signature atom' '
-	git verify-commit first-signed 2>expect &&
-	echo  >>expect &&
-	git for-each-ref refs/tags/first-signed \
-		--format="%(signature)" >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success GPG 'show good signature with custom format' '
-	git verify-commit first-signed &&
-	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
-	G
-	13B6F51ECDDE430D
-	C O Mitter <[email-masked]>
-	73D758744BE721698EC54E8713B6F51ECDDE430D
-	73D758744BE721698EC54E8713B6F51ECDDE430D
-	EOF
-	git for-each-ref refs/tags/first-signed \
-		--format="$GRADE_FORMAT" >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
-'
-test_expect_success GPGSSH 'show good signature with custom format with ssh' '
-	test_config gpg.ssh.allowedSignersFile "${GPGSSH_ALLOWED_SIGNERS}" &&
-	FINGERPRINT=$(ssh-keygen -lf "${GPGSSH_KEY_PRIMARY}" | awk "{print \$2;}") &&
-	cat >expect.tmpl <<-\EOF &&
-	G
-	FINGERPRINT
-	principal with number 1
-	FINGERPRINT
-
-	EOF
-	sed "s|FINGERPRINT|$FINGERPRINT|g" expect.tmpl >expect &&
-	git for-each-ref refs/tags/eighth-signed-ssh \
-		--format="$GRADE_FORMAT" >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success GPG 'signature atom with grade option and bad signature' '
-	git cat-file commit third-signed >raw &&
-	sed -e "s/^file: 3/file: 3 forged/" raw >forged1 &&
-	FORGED1=$(git hash-object -w -t commit forged1) &&
-	git update-ref refs/tags/third-signed "$FORGED1" &&
-	test_must_fail git verify-commit "$FORGED1" &&
-
-	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
-	B
-	13B6F51ECDDE430D
-	C O Mitter <[email-masked]>
-
-
-	EOF
-	git for-each-ref refs/tags/third-signed \
-		--format="$GRADE_FORMAT" >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success GPG 'show untrusted signature with custom format' '
-	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
-	U
-	65A0EEA02E30CAD7
-	Eris Discordia <[email-masked]>
-	F8364A59E07FFE9F4D63005A65A0EEA02E30CAD7
-	D4BE22311AD3131E5EDA29A461092E85B7227189
-	EOF
-	git for-each-ref refs/tags/fourth-signed \
-		--format="$GRADE_FORMAT" >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success GPG 'show untrusted signature with undefined trust level' '
-	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
-	undefined
-	65A0EEA02E30CAD7
-	Eris Discordia <[email-masked]>
-	F8364A59E07FFE9F4D63005A65A0EEA02E30CAD7
-	D4BE22311AD3131E5EDA29A461092E85B7227189
-	EOF
-	git for-each-ref refs/tags/fourth-signed \
-		--format="$TRUSTLEVEL_FORMAT" >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success GPG 'show untrusted signature with ultimate trust level' '
-	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
-	ultimate
-	13B6F51ECDDE430D
-	C O Mitter <[email-masked]>
-	73D758744BE721698EC54E8713B6F51ECDDE430D
-	73D758744BE721698EC54E8713B6F51ECDDE430D
-	EOF
-	git for-each-ref refs/tags/sixth-signed \
-		--format="$TRUSTLEVEL_FORMAT" >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success GPG 'show unknown signature with custom format' '
-	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
-	E
-	13B6F51ECDDE430D
-
-
-
-	EOF
-	GNUPGHOME="$GNUPGHOME_NOT_USED" git for-each-ref \
-		refs/tags/sixth-signed --format="$GRADE_FORMAT" >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success GPG 'show lack of signature with custom format' '
-	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
-	N
-
-
-
-
-	EOF
-	git for-each-ref refs/tags/seventh-unsigned \
-		--format="$GRADE_FORMAT" >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
-'
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/for-each-ref-tests.sh
 
 test_done
-- 
2.34.1