Subject: [PATCH 1/2] resolve-undo: allow resurrecting conflicted state that resolved to deletion

From: Junio C Hamano <[email-masked]>
Date: Thu, 27 Jul 2023 14:46:22 -0700

The resolve-undo index extension records up to three (mode, object
name) tuples for non-zero stages for each path that was resolved,
to be used to recreate the original conflicted state later when the
user requests.

The unmerge_index_entry_at() function uses the resolve-undo data to
do so, but it assumes that the path for which the conflicted state
needs to be recreated can be specified by the position in the
active_cache[] array.  This obviously cannot salvage a conflicted
state that was resolved by removing them.  A delete-modify conflict,
in which the change whose "modify" side made is a trivial typofix,
may legitimately be resolved to remove the path, and resolve-undo
extension does record the two (mode, object name) tuples for the
common ancestor version and their version, lacking our version.

Introduce a new unmerge_index_entry() helper function that takes the
path (which does not necessarily have to exist in the active_cache[]
array) and resolve-undo data, and use it to reimplement unmerge_index()
public function that is used by "git rerere".

The limited interface is still kept for now, as it is used by "git
checkout -m" and "git update-index --unmerge", but these two codepaths
will be updated to lift the assumption to allow conflicts that resolved
to deletion can be recreated.

Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <[email-masked]>
---

 * No new tests, as unmerge_index() that is used by "git rerere"
   already exercises the codepath.  We'll use the new function also
   in "update-index" in a future patch.

 resolve-undo.c | 46 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-----
 resolve-undo.h |  1 +
 2 files changed, 42 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/resolve-undo.c b/resolve-undo.c
index 7817f5d6db..9ceab129ac 100644
--- a/resolve-undo.c
+++ b/resolve-undo.c
@@ -184,19 +184,55 @@ void unmerge_marked_index(struct index_state *istate)
 	}
 }
 
+int unmerge_index_entry(struct index_state *istate, const char *path,
+			struct resolve_undo_info *ru)
+{
+	int i = index_name_pos(istate, path, strlen(path));
+
+	if (i < 0) {
+		/* unmerged? */
+		i = -i - 1;
+		if (i < istate->cache_nr &&
+		    !strcmp(istate->cache[i]->name, path))
+			/* yes, it is already unmerged */
+			return 0;
+		/* fallthru: resolved to removal */
+	} else {
+		/* merged - remove it to replace it with unmerged entries */
+		remove_index_entry_at(istate, i);
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+		struct cache_entry *ce;
+		if (!ru->mode[i])
+			continue;
+		ce = make_cache_entry(istate, ru->mode[i], &ru->oid[i],
+				      path, i + 1, 0);
+		if (add_index_entry(istate, ce, ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD))
+			return error("cannot unmerge '%s'", path);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
 void unmerge_index(struct index_state *istate, const struct pathspec *pathspec)
 {
-	int i;
+	struct string_list_item *item;
 
 	if (!istate->resolve_undo)
 		return;
 
 	/* TODO: audit for interaction with sparse-index. */
 	ensure_full_index(istate);
-	for (i = 0; i < istate->cache_nr; i++) {
-		const struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[i];
-		if (!ce_path_match(istate, ce, pathspec, NULL))
+
+	for_each_string_list_item(item, istate->resolve_undo) {
+		const char *path = item->string;
+		struct resolve_undo_info *ru = item->util;
+		if (!item->util)
+			continue;
+		if (!match_pathspec(istate, pathspec,
+				    item->string, strlen(item->string),
+				    0, NULL, 0))
 			continue;
-		i = unmerge_index_entry_at(istate, i);
+		unmerge_index_entry(istate, path, ru);
 	}
 }
diff --git a/resolve-undo.h b/resolve-undo.h
index c5deafc92f..1ae321c88b 100644
--- a/resolve-undo.h
+++ b/resolve-undo.h
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ void resolve_undo_write(struct strbuf *, struct string_list *);
 struct string_list *resolve_undo_read(const char *, unsigned long);
 void resolve_undo_clear_index(struct index_state *);
 int unmerge_index_entry_at(struct index_state *, int);
+int unmerge_index_entry(struct index_state *, const char *, struct resolve_undo_info *);
 void unmerge_index(struct index_state *, const struct pathspec *);
 void unmerge_marked_index(struct index_state *);
 
-- 
2.41.0-459-gb4fce4b6e4