Subject: [PATCH v6 2/2] arm64: Add workaround for Arm Cortex-A77 erratum 1508412

From: Rob Herring <[email-masked]>
Date: Thu, 24 Sep 2020 07:48:53 -0600

On Cortex-A77 r0p0 and r1p0, a sequence of a non-cacheable or device load
and a store exclusive or PAR_EL1 read can cause a deadlock.

The workaround requires a DMB SY before and after a PAR_EL1 register
read. In addition, it's possible an interrupt (doing a device read) or
KVM guest exit could be taken between the DMB and PAR read, so we
also need a DMB before returning from interrupt and before returning to
a guest.

A deadlock is still possible with the workaround as KVM guests must also
have the workaround. IOW, a malicious guest can deadlock an affected
systems.

This workaround also depends on a firmware counterpart to enable the h/w
to insert DMB SY after load and store exclusive instructions. See the
errata document SDEN-1152370 v10 [1] for more information.

[1] https://static.docs.arm.com/101992/0010/Arm_Cortex_A77_MP074_Software_Developer_Errata_Notice_v10.pdf

Cc: Catalin Marinas <[email-masked]>
Cc: James Morse <[email-masked]>
Cc: Suzuki K Poulose <[email-masked]>
Cc: Will Deacon <[email-masked]>
Cc: Marc Zyngier <[email-masked]>
Cc: Julien Thierry <[email-masked]>
Cc: [email-masked]
Signed-off-by: Rob Herring <[email-masked]>
---
v6:
- Do dmb on kernel_exit rather than disabling interrupts around PAR read
v5:
- Rebase on v5.9-rc3
- Disable interrupts around PAR reads
- Add DMB on return to guest

v4:
- Move read_sysreg_par out of KVM code to sysreg.h to share
- Also use read_sysreg_par in fault.c and kvm/sys_regs.c
- Use alternative f/w for dmbs around PAR read
- Use cpus_have_final_cap instead of cpus_have_const_cap
- Add note about speculation of PAR read

v3:
- Add dmbs around PAR reads in KVM code
- Clean-up 'work-around' and 'errata'

v2:
- Don't disable KVM, just print warning
---
 Documentation/arm64/silicon-errata.rst     |  2 ++
 arch/arm64/Kconfig                         | 20 ++++++++++++++++++++
 arch/arm64/include/asm/cpucaps.h           |  3 ++-
 arch/arm64/include/asm/sysreg.h            |  9 +++++++++
 arch/arm64/kernel/cpu_errata.c             | 10 ++++++++++
 arch/arm64/kernel/entry.S                  |  3 +++
 arch/arm64/kvm/arm.c                       |  3 ++-
 arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/include/hyp/switch.h    | 21 +++++++++++++--------
 arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/include/hyp/sysreg-sr.h |  2 +-
 arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/switch.c           |  2 +-
 arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/vhe/switch.c            |  2 +-
 arch/arm64/kvm/sys_regs.c                  |  2 +-
 arch/arm64/mm/fault.c                      |  2 +-
 13 files changed, 66 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/arm64/silicon-errata.rst b/Documentation/arm64/silicon-errata.rst
index d3587805de64..719510247292 100644
--- a/Documentation/arm64/silicon-errata.rst
+++ b/Documentation/arm64/silicon-errata.rst
@@ -90,6 +90,8 @@ stable kernels.
 +----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------------------+
 | ARM            | Cortex-A76      | #1463225        | ARM64_ERRATUM_1463225       |
 +----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------------------+
+| ARM            | Cortex-A77      | #1508412        | ARM64_ERRATUM_1508412       |
++----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------------------+
 | ARM            | Neoverse-N1     | #1188873,1418040| ARM64_ERRATUM_1418040       |
 +----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------------------+
 | ARM            | Neoverse-N1     | #1349291        | N/A                         |
diff --git a/arch/arm64/Kconfig b/arch/arm64/Kconfig
index 6d232837cbee..9ba14ff06cd6 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/Kconfig
+++ b/arch/arm64/Kconfig
@@ -626,6 +626,26 @@ config ARM64_ERRATUM_1542419
 
 	  If unsure, say Y.
 
+config ARM64_ERRATUM_1508412
+	bool "Cortex-A77: 1508412: workaround deadlock on sequence of NC/Device load and store exclusive or PAR read"
+	default y
+	help
+	  This option adds a workaround for Arm Cortex-A77 erratum 1508412.
+
+	  Affected Cortex-A77 cores (r0p0, r1p0) could deadlock on a sequence
+	  of a store-exclusive or read of PAR_EL1 and a load with device or
+	  non-cacheable memory attributes. The workaround depends on a firmware
+	  counterpart.
+
+	  KVM guests must also have the workaround implemented or they can
+	  deadlock the system.
+
+	  Work around the issue by inserting DMB SY barriers around PAR_EL1
+	  register reads and warning KVM users. The DMB barrier is sufficient
+	  to prevent a speculative PAR_EL1 read.
+
+	  If unsure, say Y.
+
 config CAVIUM_ERRATUM_22375
 	bool "Cavium erratum 22375, 24313"
 	default y
diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/cpucaps.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/cpucaps.h
index 07b643a70710..f184142b6e5a 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/cpucaps.h
+++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/cpucaps.h
@@ -64,7 +64,8 @@
 #define ARM64_BTI				54
 #define ARM64_HAS_ARMv8_4_TTL			55
 #define ARM64_HAS_TLB_RANGE			56
+#define ARM64_WORKAROUND_1508412		57
 
-#define ARM64_NCAPS				57
+#define ARM64_NCAPS				58
 
 #endif /* __ASM_CPUCAPS_H */
diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/sysreg.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/sysreg.h
index 554a7e8ecb07..d8a48d572c68 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/sysreg.h
+++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/sysreg.h
@@ -943,6 +943,7 @@
 
 #include <linux/build_bug.h>
 #include <linux/types.h>
+#include <asm/alternative.h>
 
 #define __DEFINE_MRS_MSR_S_REGNUM				\
 "	.irp	num,0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30\n" \
@@ -1024,6 +1025,14 @@
 		write_sysreg(__scs_new, sysreg);			\
 } while (0)
 
+#define read_sysreg_par() ({						\
+	u64 par;							\
+	asm(ALTERNATIVE("nop", "dmb sy", ARM64_WORKAROUND_1508412));	\
+	par = read_sysreg(par_el1);					\
+	asm(ALTERNATIVE("nop", "dmb sy", ARM64_WORKAROUND_1508412));	\
+	par;								\
+})
+
 #endif
 
 #endif	/* __ASM_SYSREG_H */
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kernel/cpu_errata.c b/arch/arm64/kernel/cpu_errata.c
index c332d49780dc..b8ac7d1b2182 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kernel/cpu_errata.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kernel/cpu_errata.c
@@ -952,6 +952,16 @@ const struct arm64_cpu_capabilities arm64_errata[] = {
 		.matches = has_neoverse_n1_erratum_1542419,
 		.cpu_enable = cpu_enable_trap_ctr_access,
 	},
+#endif
+#ifdef CONFIG_ARM64_ERRATUM_1508412
+	{
+		/* we depend on the firmware portion for correctness */
+		.desc = "ARM erratum 1508412 (kernel portion)",
+		.capability = ARM64_WORKAROUND_1508412,
+		ERRATA_MIDR_RANGE(MIDR_CORTEX_A77,
+				  0, 0,
+				  1, 0),
+	},
 #endif
 	{
 	}
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kernel/entry.S b/arch/arm64/kernel/entry.S
index 55af8b504b65..52232ee40634 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kernel/entry.S
+++ b/arch/arm64/kernel/entry.S
@@ -332,6 +332,9 @@ alternative_insn eret, nop, ARM64_UNMAP_KERNEL_AT_EL0
 	br	x30
 #endif
 	.else
+	/* Ensure any device/NC reads complete */
+	alternative_insn nop, "dmb sy", ARM64_WORKAROUND_1508412
+
 	eret
 	.endif
 	sb
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/arm.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/arm.c
index 46dc3d75cf13..79ead5c510ab 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/arm.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/arm.c
@@ -1640,7 +1640,8 @@ int kvm_arch_init(void *opaque)
 		return -ENODEV;
 	}
 
-	if (cpus_have_final_cap(ARM64_WORKAROUND_DEVICE_LOAD_ACQUIRE))
+	if (cpus_have_final_cap(ARM64_WORKAROUND_DEVICE_LOAD_ACQUIRE) ||
+	    cpus_have_final_cap(ARM64_WORKAROUND_1508412))
 		kvm_info("Guests without required CPU erratum workarounds can deadlock system!\n" \
 			 "Only trusted guests should be used on this system.\n");
 
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/include/hyp/switch.h b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/include/hyp/switch.h
index 5b6b8fa00f0a..c48f4c59e933 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/include/hyp/switch.h
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/include/hyp/switch.h
@@ -145,9 +145,9 @@ static inline bool __translate_far_to_hpfar(u64 far, u64 *hpfar)
 	 * We do need to save/restore PAR_EL1 though, as we haven't
 	 * saved the guest context yet, and we may return early...
 	 */
-	par = read_sysreg(par_el1);
+	par = read_sysreg_par();
 	if (!__kvm_at("s1e1r", far))
-		tmp = read_sysreg(par_el1);
+		tmp = read_sysreg_par();
 	else
 		tmp = SYS_PAR_EL1_F; /* back to the guest */
 	write_sysreg(par, par_el1);
@@ -424,7 +424,7 @@ static inline bool fixup_guest_exit(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 *exit_code)
 	if (cpus_have_final_cap(ARM64_WORKAROUND_CAVIUM_TX2_219_TVM) &&
 	    kvm_vcpu_trap_get_class(vcpu) == ESR_ELx_EC_SYS64 &&
 	    handle_tx2_tvm(vcpu))
-		return true;
+		goto guest;
 
 	/*
 	 * We trap the first access to the FP/SIMD to save the host context
@@ -434,13 +434,13 @@ static inline bool fixup_guest_exit(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 *exit_code)
 	 * Similarly for trapped SVE accesses.
 	 */
 	if (__hyp_handle_fpsimd(vcpu))
-		return true;
+		goto guest;
 
 	if (__hyp_handle_ptrauth(vcpu))
-		return true;
+		goto guest;
 
 	if (!__populate_fault_info(vcpu))
-		return true;
+		goto guest;
 
 	if (static_branch_unlikely(&vgic_v2_cpuif_trap)) {
 		bool valid;
@@ -455,7 +455,7 @@ static inline bool fixup_guest_exit(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 *exit_code)
 			int ret = __vgic_v2_perform_cpuif_access(vcpu);
 
 			if (ret == 1)
-				return true;
+				goto guest;
 
 			/* Promote an illegal access to an SError.*/
 			if (ret == -1)
@@ -471,12 +471,17 @@ static inline bool fixup_guest_exit(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 *exit_code)
 		int ret = __vgic_v3_perform_cpuif_access(vcpu);
 
 		if (ret == 1)
-			return true;
+			goto guest;
 	}
 
 exit:
 	/* Return to the host kernel and handle the exit */
 	return false;
+
+guest:
+	/* Re-enter the guest */
+	asm(ALTERNATIVE("nop", "dmb sy", ARM64_WORKAROUND_1508412));
+	return true;
 }
 
 static inline bool __needs_ssbd_off(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/include/hyp/sysreg-sr.h b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/include/hyp/sysreg-sr.h
index 7a986030145f..cce43bfe158f 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/include/hyp/sysreg-sr.h
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/include/hyp/sysreg-sr.h
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ static inline void __sysreg_save_el1_state(struct kvm_cpu_context *ctxt)
 	ctxt_sys_reg(ctxt, CONTEXTIDR_EL1) = read_sysreg_el1(SYS_CONTEXTIDR);
 	ctxt_sys_reg(ctxt, AMAIR_EL1)	= read_sysreg_el1(SYS_AMAIR);
 	ctxt_sys_reg(ctxt, CNTKCTL_EL1)	= read_sysreg_el1(SYS_CNTKCTL);
-	ctxt_sys_reg(ctxt, PAR_EL1)	= read_sysreg(par_el1);
+	ctxt_sys_reg(ctxt, PAR_EL1)	= read_sysreg_par();
 	ctxt_sys_reg(ctxt, TPIDR_EL1)	= read_sysreg(tpidr_el1);
 
 	ctxt_sys_reg(ctxt, SP_EL1)	= read_sysreg(sp_el1);
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/switch.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/switch.c
index 0970442d2dbc..f4233cccf60b 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/switch.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/switch.c
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ void __noreturn hyp_panic(struct kvm_cpu_context *host_ctxt)
 {
 	u64 spsr = read_sysreg_el2(SYS_SPSR);
 	u64 elr = read_sysreg_el2(SYS_ELR);
-	u64 par = read_sysreg(par_el1);
+	u64 par = read_sysreg_par();
 	struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu = host_ctxt->__hyp_running_vcpu;
 	unsigned long str_va;
 
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/vhe/switch.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/vhe/switch.c
index c1da4f86ccac..c2cb27e57318 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/vhe/switch.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/vhe/switch.c
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ void __noreturn hyp_panic(struct kvm_cpu_context *host_ctxt)
 {
 	u64 spsr = read_sysreg_el2(SYS_SPSR);
 	u64 elr = read_sysreg_el2(SYS_ELR);
-	u64 par = read_sysreg(par_el1);
+	u64 par = read_sysreg_par();
 
 	__hyp_call_panic(spsr, elr, par, host_ctxt);
 	unreachable();
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/sys_regs.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/sys_regs.c
index 077293b5115f..8d8d77794cc4 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/sys_regs.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/sys_regs.c
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ static bool __vcpu_read_sys_reg_from_cpu(int reg, u64 *val)
 	case AMAIR_EL1:		*val = read_sysreg_s(SYS_AMAIR_EL12);	break;
 	case CNTKCTL_EL1:	*val = read_sysreg_s(SYS_CNTKCTL_EL12);	break;
 	case ELR_EL1:		*val = read_sysreg_s(SYS_ELR_EL12);	break;
-	case PAR_EL1:		*val = read_sysreg_s(SYS_PAR_EL1);	break;
+	case PAR_EL1:		*val = read_sysreg_par();		break;
 	case DACR32_EL2:	*val = read_sysreg_s(SYS_DACR32_EL2);	break;
 	case IFSR32_EL2:	*val = read_sysreg_s(SYS_IFSR32_EL2);	break;
 	case DBGVCR32_EL2:	*val = read_sysreg_s(SYS_DBGVCR32_EL2);	break;
diff --git a/arch/arm64/mm/fault.c b/arch/arm64/mm/fault.c
index f07333e86c2f..2dbd1d9aa3c7 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/mm/fault.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/mm/fault.c
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ static bool __kprobes is_spurious_el1_translation_fault(unsigned long addr,
 	local_irq_save(flags);
 	asm volatile("at s1e1r, %0" :: "r" (addr));
 	isb();
-	par = read_sysreg(par_el1);
+	par = read_sysreg_par();
 	local_irq_restore(flags);
 
 	/*
-- 
2.25.1

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