Subject: Re: [PATCH V2 2/2] mm/pgtable/debug: Add test validating architecture page table helpers

From: Christophe Leroy <[email-masked]>
Date: Thu, 12 Sep 2019 15:00:35 +0000

On 09/12/2019 06:02 AM, Anshuman Khandual wrote:
> This adds a test module which will validate architecture page table helpers
> and accessors regarding compliance with generic MM semantics expectations.
> This will help various architectures in validating changes to the existing
> page table helpers or addition of new ones.
> 
> Test page table and memory pages creating it's entries at various level are
> all allocated from system memory with required alignments. If memory pages
> with required size and alignment could not be allocated, then all depending
> individual tests are skipped.

Build failure on powerpc book3s/32. This is because asm/highmem.h is 
missing. It can't be included from asm/book3s/32/pgtable.h because it 
creates circular dependency. So it has to be included from 
mm/arch_pgtable_test.c

   CC      mm/arch_pgtable_test.o
In file included from ./arch/powerpc/include/asm/book3s/pgtable.h:8:0,
                  from ./arch/powerpc/include/asm/pgtable.h:18,
                  from ./include/linux/mm.h:99,
                  from ./arch/powerpc/include/asm/io.h:29,
                  from ./include/linux/io.h:13,
                  from ./include/linux/irq.h:20,
                  from ./arch/powerpc/include/asm/hardirq.h:6,
                  from ./include/linux/hardirq.h:9,
                  from ./include/linux/interrupt.h:11,
                  from ./include/linux/kernel_stat.h:9,
                  from ./include/linux/cgroup.h:26,
                  from ./include/linux/hugetlb.h:9,
                  from mm/arch_pgtable_test.c:14:
mm/arch_pgtable_test.c: In function 'arch_pgtable_tests_init':
./arch/powerpc/include/asm/book3s/32/pgtable.h:365:13: error: implicit 
declaration of function 'kmap_atomic' 
[-Werror=implicit-function-declaration]
   ((pte_t *)(kmap_atomic(pmd_page(*(dir))) + \
              ^
./include/linux/mm.h:2008:31: note: in expansion of macro 'pte_offset_map'
   (pte_alloc(mm, pmd) ? NULL : pte_offset_map(pmd, address))
                                ^
mm/arch_pgtable_test.c:377:9: note: in expansion of macro 'pte_alloc_map'
   ptep = pte_alloc_map(mm, pmdp, vaddr);
          ^
cc1: some warnings being treated as errors
make[2]: *** [mm/arch_pgtable_test.o] Error 1

Christophe

> 
> Cc: Andrew Morton <[email-masked]>
> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <[email-masked]>
> Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <[email-masked]>
> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <[email-masked]>
> Cc: Mike Rapoport <[email-masked]>
> Cc: Jason Gunthorpe <[email-masked]>
> Cc: Dan Williams <[email-masked]>
> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <[email-masked]>
> Cc: Michal Hocko <[email-masked]>
> Cc: Mark Rutland <[email-masked]>
> Cc: Mark Brown <[email-masked]>
> Cc: Steven Price <[email-masked]>
> Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <[email-masked]>
> Cc: Masahiro Yamada <[email-masked]>
> Cc: Kees Cook <[email-masked]>
> Cc: Tetsuo Handa <[email-masked]>
> Cc: Matthew Wilcox <[email-masked]>
> Cc: Sri Krishna chowdary <[email-masked]>
> Cc: Dave Hansen <[email-masked]>
> Cc: Russell King - ARM Linux <[email-masked]>
> Cc: Michael Ellerman <[email-masked]>
> Cc: Paul Mackerras <[email-masked]>
> Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <[email-masked]>
> Cc: Heiko Carstens <[email-masked]>
> Cc: "David S. Miller" <[email-masked]>
> Cc: Vineet Gupta <[email-masked]>
> Cc: James Hogan <[email-masked]>
> Cc: Paul Burton <[email-masked]>
> Cc: Ralf Baechle <[email-masked]>
> Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <[email-masked]>
> Cc: Gerald Schaefer <[email-masked]>
> Cc: Christophe Leroy <[email-masked]>
> Cc: [email-masked]
> Cc: [email-masked]
> Cc: [email-masked]
> Cc: [email-masked]
> Cc: [email-masked]
> Cc: [email-masked]
> Cc: [email-masked]
> Cc: [email-masked]
> Cc: [email-masked]
> Cc: [email-masked]
> 
> Suggested-by: Catalin Marinas <[email-masked]>
> Signed-off-by: Anshuman Khandual <[email-masked]>
> ---
>   arch/x86/include/asm/pgtable_64_types.h |   2 +
>   mm/Kconfig.debug                        |  14 +
>   mm/Makefile                             |   1 +
>   mm/arch_pgtable_test.c                  | 429 ++++++++++++++++++++++++
>   4 files changed, 446 insertions(+)
>   create mode 100644 mm/arch_pgtable_test.c
> 
> diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/pgtable_64_types.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/pgtable_64_types.h
> index 52e5f5f2240d..b882792a3999 100644
> --- a/arch/x86/include/asm/pgtable_64_types.h
> +++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/pgtable_64_types.h
> @@ -40,6 +40,8 @@ static inline bool pgtable_l5_enabled(void)
>   #define pgtable_l5_enabled() 0
>   #endif /* CONFIG_X86_5LEVEL */
>   
> +#define mm_p4d_folded(mm) (!pgtable_l5_enabled())
> +
>   extern unsigned int pgdir_shift;
>   extern unsigned int ptrs_per_p4d;
>   
> diff --git a/mm/Kconfig.debug b/mm/Kconfig.debug
> index 327b3ebf23bf..ce9c397f7b07 100644
> --- a/mm/Kconfig.debug
> +++ b/mm/Kconfig.debug
> @@ -117,3 +117,17 @@ config DEBUG_RODATA_TEST
>       depends on STRICT_KERNEL_RWX
>       ---help---
>         This option enables a testcase for the setting rodata read-only.
> +
> +config DEBUG_ARCH_PGTABLE_TEST
> +	bool "Test arch page table helpers for semantics compliance"
> +	depends on MMU
> +	depends on DEBUG_KERNEL
> +	help
> +	  This options provides a kernel module which can be used to test
> +	  architecture page table helper functions on various platform in
> +	  verifying if they comply with expected generic MM semantics. This
> +	  will help architectures code in making sure that any changes or
> +	  new additions of these helpers will still conform to generic MM
> +	  expected semantics.
> +
> +	  If unsure, say N.
> diff --git a/mm/Makefile b/mm/Makefile
> index d996846697ef..bb572c5aa8c5 100644
> --- a/mm/Makefile
> +++ b/mm/Makefile
> @@ -86,6 +86,7 @@ obj-$(CONFIG_HWPOISON_INJECT) += hwpoison-inject.o
>   obj-$(CONFIG_DEBUG_KMEMLEAK) += kmemleak.o
>   obj-$(CONFIG_DEBUG_KMEMLEAK_TEST) += kmemleak-test.o
>   obj-$(CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA_TEST) += rodata_test.o
> +obj-$(CONFIG_DEBUG_ARCH_PGTABLE_TEST) += arch_pgtable_test.o
>   obj-$(CONFIG_PAGE_OWNER) += page_owner.o
>   obj-$(CONFIG_CLEANCACHE) += cleancache.o
>   obj-$(CONFIG_MEMORY_ISOLATION) += page_isolation.o
> diff --git a/mm/arch_pgtable_test.c b/mm/arch_pgtable_test.c
> new file mode 100644
> index 000000000000..8b4a92756ad8
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/mm/arch_pgtable_test.c
> @@ -0,0 +1,429 @@
> +// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
> +/*
> + * This kernel module validates architecture page table helpers &
> + * accessors and helps in verifying their continued compliance with
> + * generic MM semantics.
> + *
> + * Copyright (C) 2019 ARM Ltd.
> + *
> + * Author: Anshuman Khandual <[email-masked]>
> + */
> +#define pr_fmt(fmt) "arch_pgtable_test: %s " fmt, __func__
> +
> +#include <linux/gfp.h>
> +#include <linux/hugetlb.h>
> +#include <linux/kernel.h>
> +#include <linux/mm.h>
> +#include <linux/mman.h>
> +#include <linux/mm_types.h>
> +#include <linux/module.h>
> +#include <linux/pfn_t.h>
> +#include <linux/printk.h>
> +#include <linux/random.h>
> +#include <linux/spinlock.h>
> +#include <linux/swap.h>
> +#include <linux/swapops.h>
> +#include <linux/sched/mm.h>
> +#include <asm/pgalloc.h>
> +#include <asm/pgtable.h>
> +
> +/*
> + * Basic operations
> + *
> + * mkold(entry)			= An old and not a young entry
> + * mkyoung(entry)		= A young and not an old entry
> + * mkdirty(entry)		= A dirty and not a clean entry
> + * mkclean(entry)		= A clean and not a dirty entry
> + * mkwrite(entry)		= A write and not a write protected entry
> + * wrprotect(entry)		= A write protected and not a write entry
> + * pxx_bad(entry)		= A mapped and non-table entry
> + * pxx_same(entry1, entry2)	= Both entries hold the exact same value
> + */
> +#define VMFLAGS	(VM_READ|VM_WRITE|VM_EXEC)
> +
> +/*
> + * On s390 platform, the lower 12 bits are used to identify given page table
> + * entry type and for other arch specific requirements. But these bits might
> + * affect the ability to clear entries with pxx_clear(). So while loading up
> + * the entries skip all lower 12 bits in order to accommodate s390 platform.
> + * It does not have affect any other platform.
> + */
> +#define RANDOM_ORVALUE	(0xfffffffffffff000UL)
> +#define RANDOM_NZVALUE	(0xff)
> +
> +static bool pud_aligned;
> +static bool pmd_aligned;
> +
> +static void pte_basic_tests(struct page *page, pgprot_t prot)
> +{
> +	pte_t pte = mk_pte(page, prot);
> +
> +	WARN_ON(!pte_same(pte, pte));
> +	WARN_ON(!pte_young(pte_mkyoung(pte)));
> +	WARN_ON(!pte_dirty(pte_mkdirty(pte)));
> +	WARN_ON(!pte_write(pte_mkwrite(pte)));
> +	WARN_ON(pte_young(pte_mkold(pte)));
> +	WARN_ON(pte_dirty(pte_mkclean(pte)));
> +	WARN_ON(pte_write(pte_wrprotect(pte)));
> +}
> +
> +#ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
> +static void pmd_basic_tests(struct page *page, pgprot_t prot)
> +{
> +	pmd_t pmd;
> +
> +	/*
> +	 * Memory block here must be PMD_SIZE aligned. Abort this
> +	 * test in case we could not allocate such a memory block.
> +	 */
> +	if (!pmd_aligned) {
> +		pr_warn("Could not proceed with PMD tests\n");
> +		return;
> +	}
> +
> +	pmd = mk_pmd(page, prot);
> +	WARN_ON(!pmd_same(pmd, pmd));
> +	WARN_ON(!pmd_young(pmd_mkyoung(pmd)));
> +	WARN_ON(!pmd_dirty(pmd_mkdirty(pmd)));
> +	WARN_ON(!pmd_write(pmd_mkwrite(pmd)));
> +	WARN_ON(pmd_young(pmd_mkold(pmd)));
> +	WARN_ON(pmd_dirty(pmd_mkclean(pmd)));
> +	WARN_ON(pmd_write(pmd_wrprotect(pmd)));
> +	/*
> +	 * A huge page does not point to next level page table
> +	 * entry. Hence this must qualify as pmd_bad().
> +	 */
> +	WARN_ON(!pmd_bad(pmd_mkhuge(pmd)));
> +}
> +#else
> +static void pmd_basic_tests(struct page *page, pgprot_t prot) { }
> +#endif
> +
> +#ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_PUD
> +static void pud_basic_tests(struct page *page, pgprot_t prot)
> +{
> +	pud_t pud;
> +
> +	/*
> +	 * Memory block here must be PUD_SIZE aligned. Abort this
> +	 * test in case we could not allocate such a memory block.
> +	 */
> +	if (!pud_aligned) {
> +		pr_warn("Could not proceed with PUD tests\n");
> +		return;
> +	}
> +
> +	pud = pfn_pud(page_to_pfn(page), prot);
> +	WARN_ON(!pud_same(pud, pud));
> +	WARN_ON(!pud_young(pud_mkyoung(pud)));
> +	WARN_ON(!pud_write(pud_mkwrite(pud)));
> +	WARN_ON(pud_write(pud_wrprotect(pud)));
> +	WARN_ON(pud_young(pud_mkold(pud)));
> +
> +#if !defined(__PAGETABLE_PMD_FOLDED) && !defined(__ARCH_HAS_4LEVEL_HACK)
> +	/*
> +	 * A huge page does not point to next level page table
> +	 * entry. Hence this must qualify as pud_bad().
> +	 */
> +	WARN_ON(!pud_bad(pud_mkhuge(pud)));
> +#endif
> +}
> +#else
> +static void pud_basic_tests(struct page *page, pgprot_t prot) { }
> +#endif
> +
> +static void p4d_basic_tests(struct page *page, pgprot_t prot)
> +{
> +	p4d_t p4d;
> +
> +	memset(&p4d, RANDOM_NZVALUE, sizeof(p4d_t));
> +	WARN_ON(!p4d_same(p4d, p4d));
> +}
> +
> +static void pgd_basic_tests(struct page *page, pgprot_t prot)
> +{
> +	pgd_t pgd;
> +
> +	memset(&pgd, RANDOM_NZVALUE, sizeof(pgd_t));
> +	WARN_ON(!pgd_same(pgd, pgd));
> +}
> +
> +#if !defined(__PAGETABLE_PMD_FOLDED) && !defined(__ARCH_HAS_4LEVEL_HACK)
> +static void pud_clear_tests(pud_t *pudp)
> +{
> +	pud_t pud = READ_ONCE(*pudp);
> +
> +	pud = __pud(pud_val(pud) | RANDOM_ORVALUE);
> +	WRITE_ONCE(*pudp, pud);
> +	pud_clear(pudp);
> +	pud = READ_ONCE(*pudp);
> +	WARN_ON(!pud_none(pud));
> +}
> +
> +static void pud_populate_tests(struct mm_struct *mm, pud_t *pudp, pmd_t *pmdp)
> +{
> +	pud_t pud;
> +
> +	/*
> +	 * This entry points to next level page table page.
> +	 * Hence this must not qualify as pud_bad().
> +	 */
> +	pmd_clear(pmdp);
> +	pud_clear(pudp);
> +	pud_populate(mm, pudp, pmdp);
> +	pud = READ_ONCE(*pudp);
> +	WARN_ON(pud_bad(pud));
> +}
> +#else
> +static void pud_clear_tests(pud_t *pudp) { }
> +static void pud_populate_tests(struct mm_struct *mm, pud_t *pudp, pmd_t *pmdp)
> +{
> +}
> +#endif
> +
> +#if !defined(__PAGETABLE_PUD_FOLDED) && !defined(__ARCH_HAS_5LEVEL_HACK)
> +static void p4d_clear_tests(p4d_t *p4dp)
> +{
> +	p4d_t p4d = READ_ONCE(*p4dp);
> +
> +	p4d = __p4d(p4d_val(p4d) | RANDOM_ORVALUE);
> +	WRITE_ONCE(*p4dp, p4d);
> +	p4d_clear(p4dp);
> +	p4d = READ_ONCE(*p4dp);
> +	WARN_ON(!p4d_none(p4d));
> +}
> +
> +static void p4d_populate_tests(struct mm_struct *mm, p4d_t *p4dp, pud_t *pudp)
> +{
> +	p4d_t p4d;
> +
> +	/*
> +	 * This entry points to next level page table page.
> +	 * Hence this must not qualify as p4d_bad().
> +	 */
> +	pud_clear(pudp);
> +	p4d_clear(p4dp);
> +	p4d_populate(mm, p4dp, pudp);
> +	p4d = READ_ONCE(*p4dp);
> +	WARN_ON(p4d_bad(p4d));
> +}
> +#else
> +static void p4d_clear_tests(p4d_t *p4dp) { }
> +static void p4d_populate_tests(struct mm_struct *mm, p4d_t *p4dp, pud_t *pudp)
> +{
> +}
> +#endif
> +
> +#ifndef __ARCH_HAS_5LEVEL_HACK
> +static void pgd_clear_tests(struct mm_struct *mm, pgd_t *pgdp)
> +{
> +	pgd_t pgd = READ_ONCE(*pgdp);
> +
> +	if (mm_p4d_folded(mm))
> +		return;
> +
> +	pgd = __pgd(pgd_val(pgd) | RANDOM_ORVALUE);
> +	WRITE_ONCE(*pgdp, pgd);
> +	pgd_clear(pgdp);
> +	pgd = READ_ONCE(*pgdp);
> +	WARN_ON(!pgd_none(pgd));
> +}
> +
> +static void pgd_populate_tests(struct mm_struct *mm, pgd_t *pgdp, p4d_t *p4dp)
> +{
> +	pgd_t pgd;
> +
> +	if (mm_p4d_folded(mm))
> +		return;
> +
> +	/*
> +	 * This entry points to next level page table page.
> +	 * Hence this must not qualify as pgd_bad().
> +	 */
> +	p4d_clear(p4dp);
> +	pgd_clear(pgdp);
> +	pgd_populate(mm, pgdp, p4dp);
> +	pgd = READ_ONCE(*pgdp);
> +	WARN_ON(pgd_bad(pgd));
> +}
> +#else
> +static void pgd_clear_tests(struct mm_struct *mm, pgd_t *pgdp) { }
> +static void pgd_populate_tests(struct mm_struct *mm, pgd_t *pgdp, p4d_t *p4dp)
> +{
> +}
> +#endif
> +
> +static void pte_clear_tests(struct mm_struct *mm, pte_t *ptep)
> +{
> +	pte_t pte = READ_ONCE(*ptep);
> +
> +	pte = __pte(pte_val(pte) | RANDOM_ORVALUE);
> +	WRITE_ONCE(*ptep, pte);
> +	pte_clear(mm, 0, ptep);
> +	pte = READ_ONCE(*ptep);
> +	WARN_ON(!pte_none(pte));
> +}
> +
> +static void pmd_clear_tests(pmd_t *pmdp)
> +{
> +	pmd_t pmd = READ_ONCE(*pmdp);
> +
> +	pmd = __pmd(pmd_val(pmd) | RANDOM_ORVALUE);
> +	WRITE_ONCE(*pmdp, pmd);
> +	pmd_clear(pmdp);
> +	pmd = READ_ONCE(*pmdp);
> +	WARN_ON(!pmd_none(pmd));
> +}
> +
> +static void pmd_populate_tests(struct mm_struct *mm, pmd_t *pmdp,
> +			       pgtable_t pgtable)
> +{
> +	pmd_t pmd;
> +
> +	/*
> +	 * This entry points to next level page table page.
> +	 * Hence this must not qualify as pmd_bad().
> +	 */
> +	pmd_clear(pmdp);
> +	pmd_populate(mm, pmdp, pgtable);
> +	pmd = READ_ONCE(*pmdp);
> +	WARN_ON(pmd_bad(pmd));
> +}
> +
> +static struct page *alloc_mapped_page(void)
> +{
> +	struct page *page;
> +	gfp_t gfp_mask = GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_ZERO;
> +
> +	page = alloc_gigantic_page_order(get_order(PUD_SIZE), gfp_mask,
> +				first_memory_node, &node_states[N_MEMORY]);
> +	if (page) {
> +		pud_aligned = true;
> +		pmd_aligned = true;
> +		return page;
> +	}
> +
> +	page = alloc_pages(gfp_mask, get_order(PMD_SIZE));
> +	if (page) {
> +		pmd_aligned = true;
> +		return page;
> +	}
> +	return alloc_page(gfp_mask);
> +}
> +
> +static void free_mapped_page(struct page *page)
> +{
> +	if (pud_aligned) {
> +		unsigned long pfn = page_to_pfn(page);
> +
> +		free_contig_range(pfn, 1ULL << get_order(PUD_SIZE));
> +		return;
> +	}
> +
> +	if (pmd_aligned) {
> +		int order = get_order(PMD_SIZE);
> +
> +		free_pages((unsigned long)page_address(page), order);
> +		return;
> +	}
> +	free_page((unsigned long)page_address(page));
> +}
> +
> +static unsigned long get_random_vaddr(void)
> +{
> +	unsigned long random_vaddr, random_pages, total_user_pages;
> +
> +	total_user_pages = (TASK_SIZE - FIRST_USER_ADDRESS) / PAGE_SIZE;
> +
> +	random_pages = get_random_long() % total_user_pages;
> +	random_vaddr = FIRST_USER_ADDRESS + random_pages * PAGE_SIZE;
> +
> +	WARN_ON(random_vaddr > TASK_SIZE);
> +	WARN_ON(random_vaddr < FIRST_USER_ADDRESS);
> +	return random_vaddr;
> +}
> +
> +static int __init arch_pgtable_tests_init(void)
> +{
> +	struct mm_struct *mm;
> +	struct page *page;
> +	pgd_t *pgdp;
> +	p4d_t *p4dp, *saved_p4dp;
> +	pud_t *pudp, *saved_pudp;
> +	pmd_t *pmdp, *saved_pmdp, pmd;
> +	pte_t *ptep;
> +	pgtable_t saved_ptep;
> +	pgprot_t prot;
> +	unsigned long vaddr;
> +
> +	prot = vm_get_page_prot(VMFLAGS);
> +	vaddr = get_random_vaddr();
> +	mm = mm_alloc();
> +	if (!mm) {
> +		pr_err("mm_struct allocation failed\n");
> +		return 1;
> +	}
> +
> +	page = alloc_mapped_page();
> +	if (!page) {
> +		pr_err("memory allocation failed\n");
> +		return 1;
> +	}
> +
> +	pgdp = pgd_offset(mm, vaddr);
> +	p4dp = p4d_alloc(mm, pgdp, vaddr);
> +	pudp = pud_alloc(mm, p4dp, vaddr);
> +	pmdp = pmd_alloc(mm, pudp, vaddr);
> +	ptep = pte_alloc_map(mm, pmdp, vaddr);
> +
> +	/*
> +	 * Save all the page table page addresses as the page table
> +	 * entries will be used for testing with random or garbage
> +	 * values. These saved addresses will be used for freeing
> +	 * page table pages.
> +	 */
> +	pmd = READ_ONCE(*pmdp);
> +	saved_p4dp = p4d_offset(pgdp, 0UL);
> +	saved_pudp = pud_offset(p4dp, 0UL);
> +	saved_pmdp = pmd_offset(pudp, 0UL);
> +	saved_ptep = pmd_pgtable(pmd);
> +
> +	pte_basic_tests(page, prot);
> +	pmd_basic_tests(page, prot);
> +	pud_basic_tests(page, prot);
> +	p4d_basic_tests(page, prot);
> +	pgd_basic_tests(page, prot);
> +
> +	pte_clear_tests(mm, ptep);
> +	pmd_clear_tests(pmdp);
> +	pud_clear_tests(pudp);
> +	p4d_clear_tests(p4dp);
> +	pgd_clear_tests(mm, pgdp);
> +
> +	pmd_populate_tests(mm, pmdp, saved_ptep);
> +	pud_populate_tests(mm, pudp, saved_pmdp);
> +	p4d_populate_tests(mm, p4dp, saved_pudp);
> +	pgd_populate_tests(mm, pgdp, saved_p4dp);
> +
> +	p4d_free(mm, saved_p4dp);
> +	pud_free(mm, saved_pudp);
> +	pmd_free(mm, saved_pmdp);
> +	pte_free(mm, saved_ptep);
> +
> +	mm_dec_nr_puds(mm);
> +	mm_dec_nr_pmds(mm);
> +	mm_dec_nr_ptes(mm);
> +	__mmdrop(mm);
> +
> +	free_mapped_page(page);
> +	return 0;
> +}
> +
> +static void __exit arch_pgtable_tests_exit(void) { }
> +
> +module_init(arch_pgtable_tests_init);
> +module_exit(arch_pgtable_tests_exit);
> +
> +MODULE_LICENSE("GPL v2");
> +MODULE_AUTHOR("Anshuman Khandual <[email-masked]>");
> +MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Test architecture page table helpers");
> 

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