Subject: [PATCH v3 7/8] KVM: kvm-vfio: generic forwarding control

From: [email-masked] (Eric Auger)
Date: Tue, 25 Nov 2014 19:20:29 +0100

On 11/24/2014 09:56 PM, Alex Williamson wrote:
> On Sun, 2014-11-23 at 19:35 +0100, Eric Auger wrote:
>> This patch introduces a new KVM_DEV_VFIO_DEVICE group.
>>
>> This is a new control channel which enables KVM to cooperate with
>> viable VFIO devices.
>>
>> Functions are introduced to check the validity of a VFIO device
>> file descriptor, increment/decrement the ref counter of the VFIO
>> device.
>>
>> The patch introduces 2 attributes for this new device group:
>> KVM_DEV_VFIO_DEVICE_FORWARD_IRQ, KVM_DEV_VFIO_DEVICE_UNFORWARD_IRQ.
>> Their purpose is to turn a VFIO device IRQ into a forwarded IRQ and
>> unset respectively unset the feature.
>>
>> The VFIO device stores a list of registered forwarded IRQs. The reference
>> counter of the device is incremented each time a new IRQ is forwarded.
>> Reference counter is decremented when the IRQ forwarding is unset.
>>
>> The forwarding programmming is architecture specific, implemented in
>> kvm_arch_set_fwd_state function. Architecture specific implementation is
>> enabled when __KVM_HAVE_ARCH_KVM_VFIO_FORWARD is set. When not set those
>> functions are void.
>>
>> Signed-off-by: Eric Auger <[email-masked]>
>>
>> ---
>>
>> v2 -> v3:
>> - add API comments in kvm_host.h
>> - improve the commit message
>> - create a private kvm_vfio_fwd_irq struct
>> - fwd_irq_action replaced by a bool and removal of VFIO_IRQ_CLEANUP. This
>>   latter action will be handled in vgic.
>> - add a vfio_device handle argument to kvm_arch_set_fwd_state. The goal is
>>   to move platform specific stuff in architecture specific code.
>> - kvm_arch_set_fwd_state renamed into kvm_arch_vfio_set_forward
>> - increment the ref counter each time we do an IRQ forwarding and decrement
>>   this latter each time one IRQ forward is unset. Simplifies the whole
>>   ref counting.
>> - simplification of list handling: create, search, removal
>>
>> v1 -> v2:
>> - __KVM_HAVE_ARCH_KVM_VFIO renamed into __KVM_HAVE_ARCH_KVM_VFIO_FORWARD
>> - original patch file separated into 2 parts: generic part moved in vfio.c
>>   and ARM specific part(kvm_arch_set_fwd_state)
>> ---
>>  include/linux/kvm_host.h |  28 ++++++
>>  virt/kvm/vfio.c          | 249 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
>>  2 files changed, 274 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
>>
>> diff --git a/include/linux/kvm_host.h b/include/linux/kvm_host.h
>> index ea53b04..0b9659d 100644
>> --- a/include/linux/kvm_host.h
>> +++ b/include/linux/kvm_host.h
>> @@ -1076,6 +1076,15 @@ struct kvm_device_ops {
>>  		      unsigned long arg);
>>  };
>>  
>> +/* internal self-contained structure describing a forwarded IRQ */
>> +struct kvm_fwd_irq {
>> +	struct kvm *kvm; /* VM to inject the GSI into */
>> +	struct vfio_device *vdev; /* vfio device the IRQ belongs to */
>> +	__u32 index; /* VFIO device IRQ index */
>> +	__u32 subindex; /* VFIO device IRQ subindex */
>> +	__u32 gsi; /* gsi, ie. virtual IRQ number */
>> +};
>> +
>>  void kvm_device_get(struct kvm_device *dev);
>>  void kvm_device_put(struct kvm_device *dev);
>>  struct kvm_device *kvm_device_from_filp(struct file *filp);
>> @@ -1085,6 +1094,25 @@ void kvm_unregister_device_ops(u32 type);
>>  extern struct kvm_device_ops kvm_mpic_ops;
>>  extern struct kvm_device_ops kvm_xics_ops;
>>  
>> +#ifdef __KVM_HAVE_ARCH_KVM_VFIO_FORWARD
>> +/**
>> + * kvm_arch_vfio_set_forward - changes the forwarded state of an IRQ
>> + *
>> + * @fwd_irq: handle to the forwarded irq struct
>> + * @forward: true means forwarded, false means not forwarded
>> + * returns 0 on success, < 0 on failure
>> + */
>> +int kvm_arch_vfio_set_forward(struct kvm_fwd_irq *fwd_irq,
>> +			      bool forward);
> 
> We could add a struct device* to the args list or into struct
> kvm_fwd_irq so that arch code doesn't need to touch the vdev.  arch code
> has no business dealing with references to the vfio_device.
Hi Alex,

Currently It can't put struct device* into the kvm_fwd_irq struct since
I need to release the vfio_device with
vfio_device_put_external_user(struct vfio_device *vdev)
typically in kvm_vfio_clean_fwd_irq. So I need to store the pointers to
the vfio_device somewhere.

I see 2 solutions: change the proto of
vfio_device_put_external_user(struct vfio_device *vdev) and pass a
struct device* (??)

or change the proto of kvm_arch_vfio_set_forward into

kvm_arch_vfio_set_forward(struct kvm *kvm, struct device *dev, int
index, [int subindex], int gsi, bool forward) or using index/start/count
but loosing the interest of having a self-contained internal struct.

> 
>> +
>> +#else
>> +static inline int kvm_arch_vfio_set_forward(struct kvm_fwd_irq *fwd_irq,
>> +					    bool forward)
>> +{
>> +	return 0;
>> +}
>> +#endif
>> +
>>  #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_KVM_CPU_RELAX_INTERCEPT
>>  
>>  static inline void kvm_vcpu_set_in_spin_loop(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, bool val)
>> diff --git a/virt/kvm/vfio.c b/virt/kvm/vfio.c
>> index 6f0cc34..af178bb 100644
>> --- a/virt/kvm/vfio.c
>> +++ b/virt/kvm/vfio.c
>> @@ -25,8 +25,16 @@ struct kvm_vfio_group {
>>  	struct vfio_group *vfio_group;
>>  };
>>  
>> +/* private linkable kvm_fwd_irq struct */
>> +struct kvm_vfio_fwd_irq_node {
>> +	struct list_head link;
>> +	struct kvm_fwd_irq fwd_irq;
>> +};
>> +
>>  struct kvm_vfio {
>>  	struct list_head group_list;
>> +	/* list of registered VFIO forwarded IRQs */
>> +	struct list_head fwd_node_list;
>>  	struct mutex lock;
>>  	bool noncoherent;
>>  };
>> @@ -247,12 +255,239 @@ static int kvm_vfio_set_group(struct kvm_device *dev, long attr, u64 arg)
>>  	return -ENXIO;
>>  }
>>  
>> +/**
>> + * kvm_vfio_get_vfio_device - Returns a handle to a vfio-device
>> + *
>> + * Checks it is a valid vfio device and increments its reference counter
>> + * @fd: file descriptor of the vfio platform device
>> + */
>> +static struct vfio_device *kvm_vfio_get_vfio_device(int fd)
>> +{
>> +	struct fd f = fdget(fd);
>> +	struct vfio_device *vdev;
>> +
>> +	if (!f.file)
>> +		return NULL;
> 
> ERR_PTR(-EINVAL)?
> 
> ie. propagate errors from the point where they're encountered so we
> don't need to make up an errno later.
yes thanks
> 
>> +	vdev = kvm_vfio_device_get_external_user(f.file);
>> +	fdput(f);
>> +	return vdev;
>> +}
>> +
>> +/**
>> + * kvm_vfio_put_vfio_device: decrements the reference counter of the
>> + * vfio platform * device
>> + *
>> + * @vdev: vfio_device handle to release
>> + */
>> +static void kvm_vfio_put_vfio_device(struct vfio_device *vdev)
>> +{
>> +	kvm_vfio_device_put_external_user(vdev);
>> +}
>> +
>> +/**
>> + * kvm_vfio_find_fwd_irq - checks whether a forwarded IRQ already is
>> + * registered in the list of forwarded IRQs
>> + *
>> + * @kv: handle to the kvm-vfio device
>> + * @fwd: handle to the forwarded irq struct
>> + * In the positive returns the handle to its node in the kvm-vfio
>> + * forwarded IRQ list, returns NULL otherwise.
>> + * Must be called with kv->lock hold.
>> + */
>> +static struct kvm_vfio_fwd_irq_node *kvm_vfio_find_fwd_irq(
>> +				struct kvm_vfio *kv,
>> +				struct kvm_fwd_irq *fwd)
>> +{
>> +	struct kvm_vfio_fwd_irq_node *node;
>> +
>> +	list_for_each_entry(node, &kv->fwd_node_list, link) {
>> +		if ((node->fwd_irq.index == fwd->index) &&
>> +		    (node->fwd_irq.subindex == fwd->subindex) &&
>> +		    (node->fwd_irq.vdev == fwd->vdev))
>> +			return node;
>> +	}
>> +	return NULL;
>> +}
>> +/**
>> + * kvm_vfio_register_fwd_irq - Allocates, populates and registers a
>> + * forwarded IRQ
>> + *
>> + * @kv: handle to the kvm-vfio device
>> + * @fwd: handle to the forwarded irq struct
>> + * In case of success returns a handle to the new list node,
>> + * NULL otherwise.
>> + * Must be called with kv->lock hold.
>> + */
>> +static struct kvm_vfio_fwd_irq_node *kvm_vfio_register_fwd_irq(
>> +				struct kvm_vfio *kv,
>> +				struct kvm_fwd_irq *fwd)
>> +{
>> +	struct kvm_vfio_fwd_irq_node *node;
>> +
>> +	node = kmalloc(sizeof(*node), GFP_KERNEL);
>> +	if (!node)
>> +		return NULL;
> 
> ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM)?
> 
OK
>> +
>> +	node->fwd_irq = *fwd;
>> +
>> +	list_add(&node->link, &kv->fwd_node_list);
>> +
>> +	return node;
>> +}
>> +
>> +/**
>> + * kvm_vfio_unregister_fwd_irq - unregisters and frees a forwarded IRQ
>> + *
>> + * @node: handle to the node struct
>> + * Must be called with kv->lock hold.
>> + */
>> +static void kvm_vfio_unregister_fwd_irq(struct kvm_vfio_fwd_irq_node *node)
>> +{
>> +	list_del(&node->link);
>> +	kfree(node);
>> +}
>> +
>> +/**
>> + * kvm_vfio_set_forward - turns a VFIO device IRQ into a forwarded IRQ
>> + * @kv: handle to the kvm-vfio device
>> + * @fd: file descriptor of the vfio device the IRQ belongs to
>> + * @fwd: handle to the forwarded irq struct
>> + *
>> + * Registers an IRQ as forwarded and calls the architecture specific
>> + * implementation of set_forward. In case of operation failure, the IRQ
>> + * is unregistered. In case of success, the vfio device ref counter is
>> + * incremented.
>> + */
>> +static int kvm_vfio_set_forward(struct kvm_vfio *kv, int fd,
>> +				struct kvm_fwd_irq *fwd)
>> +{
>> +	int ret;
>> +	struct kvm_vfio_fwd_irq_node *node =
>> +			kvm_vfio_find_fwd_irq(kv, fwd);
>> +
>> +	if (node)
>> +		return -EINVAL;
> 
> I assume you're saving -EBUSY for arch code for the case where the IRQ
> is already active?
yes. -EBUSY now corresponds to the case where the VFIO signaling is
already setup.
> 
>> +	node = kvm_vfio_register_fwd_irq(kv, fwd);
>> +	if (!node)
>> +		return -ENOMEM;
> 
> if (IS_ERR(node))
> 	return PTR_ERR(node);
> 
>> +	ret = kvm_arch_vfio_set_forward(fwd, true);
>> +	if (ret < 0)  {
>> +		kvm_vfio_unregister_fwd_irq(node);
>> +		return ret;
>> +	}
>> +	/* increment the ref counter */
>> +	kvm_vfio_get_vfio_device(fd);
> 
> Wouldn't it be easier if the reference counting were coupled with the
> register/unregister_fwd_irq?
ok
  I'd be tempted to pass your user_fwd_irq
> to this function instead of a kvm_fwd_irq.
Well in that case I would use kvm_arch_forwarded_irq for both set and
unset. Then comes the problem of kvm_vfio_clean_fwd_irq which
manipulates only internal structs.

>> +	return ret;
>> +}
>> +
>> +/**
>> + * kvm_vfio_unset_forward - Sets a VFIO device IRQ as non forwarded
>> + * @kv: handle to the kvm-vfio device
>> + * @fwd: handle to the forwarded irq struct
>> + *
>> + * Calls the architecture specific implementation of set_forward and
>> + * unregisters the IRQ from the forwarded IRQ list. Decrements the vfio
>> + * device reference counter.
>> + */
>> +static int kvm_vfio_unset_forward(struct kvm_vfio *kv,
>> +				  struct kvm_fwd_irq *fwd)
>> +{
>> +	int ret;
>> +	struct kvm_vfio_fwd_irq_node *node =
>> +			kvm_vfio_find_fwd_irq(kv, fwd);
>> +	if (!node)
>> +		return -EINVAL;
>> +	ret = kvm_arch_vfio_set_forward(fwd, false);
> 
> Whoa, if the unforward fails we continue to undo everything else?  How
> does userspace cleanup from this?  We need a guaranteed shutdown path
> for cleanup code, we can never trust userspace to do things in the
> correct order.  Can we really preclude the user calling unforward with
> an active IRQ?  Maybe _forward() and _unforward() need to be separate
> functions so that 'un' can be made void to indicate it can't fail.
If I accept an unforward while the VFIO signaling mechanism is set, the
wrong handler will be setup on VFIO driver. So should I put in place a
mechanism that changes the VFIO handler for that irq (causing VFIO
driver free_irq/request_irq), using another external API function?
> 
>> +	kvm_vfio_unregister_fwd_irq(node);
>> +
>> +	/* decrement the ref counter */
>> +	kvm_vfio_put_vfio_device(fwd->vdev);
> 
> Again, seems like the unregister should do this.
ok
> 
>> +	return ret;
>> +}
>> +
>> +static int kvm_vfio_control_irq_forward(struct kvm_device *kdev, long attr,
>> +					int32_t __user *argp)
>> +{
>> +	struct kvm_arch_forwarded_irq user_fwd_irq;
>> +	struct kvm_fwd_irq fwd;
>> +	struct vfio_device *vdev;
>> +	struct kvm_vfio *kv = kdev->private;
>> +	int ret;
>> +
>> +	if (copy_from_user(&user_fwd_irq, argp, sizeof(user_fwd_irq)))
>> +		return -EFAULT;
>> +
>> +	vdev = kvm_vfio_get_vfio_device(user_fwd_irq.fd);
>> +	if (IS_ERR(vdev)) {
>> +		ret = PTR_ERR(vdev);
>> +		goto out;
>> +	}
>> +
>> +	fwd.vdev =  vdev;
>> +	fwd.kvm =  kdev->kvm;
>> +	fwd.index = user_fwd_irq.index;
>> +	fwd.subindex = user_fwd_irq.subindex;
>> +	fwd.gsi = user_fwd_irq.gsi;
>> +
>> +	switch (attr) {
>> +	case KVM_DEV_VFIO_DEVICE_FORWARD_IRQ:
>> +		mutex_lock(&kv->lock);
>> +		ret = kvm_vfio_set_forward(kv, user_fwd_irq.fd, &fwd);
>> +		mutex_unlock(&kv->lock);
>> +		break;
>> +	case KVM_DEV_VFIO_DEVICE_UNFORWARD_IRQ:
>> +		mutex_lock(&kv->lock);
>> +		ret = kvm_vfio_unset_forward(kv, &fwd);
>> +		mutex_unlock(&kv->lock);
>> +		break;
>> +	}
>> +out:
>> +	kvm_vfio_put_vfio_device(vdev);
> 
> It might add a little extra code, but logically the reference being tied
> to the register/unregister feels a bit cleaner than this.
Sorry I do not catch your comment here. Since i called
kvm_vfio_get_vfio_device at the beg of the function, I need to release
at the end of the function, besides the ref counter incr/decr at
registration?
> 
>> +	return ret;
>> +}
>> +
>> +static int kvm_vfio_set_device(struct kvm_device *kdev, long attr, u64 arg)
>> +{
>> +	int32_t __user *argp = (int32_t __user *)(unsigned long)arg;
>> +	int ret;
>> +
>> +	switch (attr) {
>> +	case KVM_DEV_VFIO_DEVICE_FORWARD_IRQ:
>> +	case KVM_DEV_VFIO_DEVICE_UNFORWARD_IRQ:
>> +		ret = kvm_vfio_control_irq_forward(kdev, attr, argp);
>> +		break;
>> +	default:
>> +		ret = -ENXIO;
>> +	}
>> +	return ret;
>> +}
>> +
>> +/**
>> + * kvm_vfio_clean_fwd_irq - Unset forwarding state of all
>> + * registered forwarded IRQs and free their list nodes.
>> + * @kv: kvm-vfio device
>> + *
>> + * Loop on all registered device/IRQ combos, reset the non forwarded state,
>> + * void the lists and release the reference
>> + */
>> +static int kvm_vfio_clean_fwd_irq(struct kvm_vfio *kv)
>> +{
>> +	struct kvm_vfio_fwd_irq_node *node, *tmp;
>> +
>> +	list_for_each_entry_safe(node, tmp, &kv->fwd_node_list, link) {
>> +		kvm_vfio_unset_forward(kv, &node->fwd_irq);
>> +	}
>> +	return 0;
> 
> This shouldn't be able to fail, make it void.
see above questioning? But you're right, I am too much virtualization
oriented. Currently my cleanup is even done in the virtual interrupt
controller when the VM dies because nobody unsets the VFIO signaling.

Best Regards

Eric
> 
>> +}
>> +
>>  static int kvm_vfio_set_attr(struct kvm_device *dev,
>>  			     struct kvm_device_attr *attr)
>>  {
>>  	switch (attr->group) {
>>  	case KVM_DEV_VFIO_GROUP:
>>  		return kvm_vfio_set_group(dev, attr->attr, attr->addr);
>> +	case KVM_DEV_VFIO_DEVICE:
>> +		return kvm_vfio_set_device(dev, attr->attr, attr->addr);
>>  	}
>>  
>>  	return -ENXIO;
>> @@ -268,10 +503,17 @@ static int kvm_vfio_has_attr(struct kvm_device *dev,
>>  		case KVM_DEV_VFIO_GROUP_DEL:
>>  			return 0;
>>  		}
>> -
>>  		break;
>> +#ifdef __KVM_HAVE_ARCH_KVM_VFIO_FORWARD
>> +	case KVM_DEV_VFIO_DEVICE:
>> +		switch (attr->attr) {
>> +		case KVM_DEV_VFIO_DEVICE_FORWARD_IRQ:
>> +		case KVM_DEV_VFIO_DEVICE_UNFORWARD_IRQ:
>> +			return 0;
>> +		}
>> +		break;
>> +#endif
>>  	}
>> -
>>  	return -ENXIO;
>>  }
>>  
>> @@ -285,7 +527,7 @@ static void kvm_vfio_destroy(struct kvm_device *dev)
>>  		list_del(&kvg->node);
>>  		kfree(kvg);
>>  	}
>> -
>> +	kvm_vfio_clean_fwd_irq(kv);
>>  	kvm_vfio_update_coherency(dev);
>>  
>>  	kfree(kv);
>> @@ -317,6 +559,7 @@ static int kvm_vfio_create(struct kvm_device *dev, u32 type)
>>  		return -ENOMEM;
>>  
>>  	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&kv->group_list);
>> +	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&kv->fwd_node_list);
>>  	mutex_init(&kv->lock);
>>  
>>  	dev->private = kv;
> 
> 
>