Subject: [PATCH 09/17] riscv: Add __attribute_const__ to ffs()-family implementations

From: Kees Cook <[email-masked]>
Date: Mon, 4 Aug 2025 09:44:05 -0700

While tracking down a problem where constant expressions used by
BUILD_BUG_ON() suddenly stopped working[1], we found that an added static
initializer was convincing the compiler that it couldn't track the state
of the prior statically initialized value. Tracing this down found that
ffs() was used in the initializer macro, but since it wasn't marked with
__attribute__const__, the compiler had to assume the function might
change variable states as a side-effect (which is not true for ffs(),
which provides deterministic math results).

Add missing __attribute_const__ annotations to RISC-V's implementations of
variable__ffs(), variable__fls(), and variable_ffs() functions. These are pure
mathematical functions that always return the same result for the same
input with no side effects, making them eligible for compiler optimization.

Build tested ARCH=riscv defconfig with GCC riscv64-linux-gnu 14.2.0.

Link: https://github.com/KSPP/linux/issues/364 [1]
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <[email-masked]>
---
 arch/riscv/include/asm/bitops.h | 6 +++---
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/riscv/include/asm/bitops.h b/arch/riscv/include/asm/bitops.h
index d59310f74c2b..77880677b06e 100644
--- a/arch/riscv/include/asm/bitops.h
+++ b/arch/riscv/include/asm/bitops.h
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@
 #error "Unexpected BITS_PER_LONG"
 #endif
 
-static __always_inline unsigned long variable__ffs(unsigned long word)
+static __always_inline __attribute_const__ unsigned long variable__ffs(unsigned long word)
 {
 	asm goto(ALTERNATIVE("j %l[legacy]", "nop", 0,
 				      RISCV_ISA_EXT_ZBB, 1)
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ static __always_inline unsigned long variable__ffs(unsigned long word)
 	 (unsigned long)__builtin_ctzl(word) :	\
 	 variable__ffs(word))
 
-static __always_inline unsigned long variable__fls(unsigned long word)
+static __always_inline __attribute_const__ unsigned long variable__fls(unsigned long word)
 {
 	asm goto(ALTERNATIVE("j %l[legacy]", "nop", 0,
 				      RISCV_ISA_EXT_ZBB, 1)
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ static __always_inline unsigned long variable__fls(unsigned long word)
 	 (unsigned long)(BITS_PER_LONG - 1 - __builtin_clzl(word)) :	\
 	 variable__fls(word))
 
-static __always_inline int variable_ffs(int x)
+static __always_inline __attribute_const__ int variable_ffs(int x)
 {
 	asm goto(ALTERNATIVE("j %l[legacy]", "nop", 0,
 				      RISCV_ISA_EXT_ZBB, 1)
-- 
2.34.1