Subject: [net-next] tcp: Use per-vma locking for receive zerocopy

From: Arjun Roy <[email-masked]>
Date: Thu, 15 Jun 2023 11:55:17 -0700

From: Arjun Roy <[email-masked]>

Per-VMA locking allows us to lock a struct vm_area_struct without
taking the process-wide mmap lock in read mode.

Consider a process workload where the mmap lock is taken constantly in
write mode. In this scenario, all zerocopy receives are periodically
blocked during that period of time - though in principle, the memory
ranges being used by TCP are not touched by the operations that need
the mmap write lock. This results in performance degradation.

Now consider another workload where the mmap lock is never taken in
write mode, but there are many TCP connections using receive zerocopy
that are concurrently receiving. These connections all take the mmap
lock in read mode, but this does induce a lot of contention and atomic
ops for this process-wide lock. This results in additional CPU
overhead caused by contending on the cache line for this lock.

However, with per-vma locking, both of these problems can be avoided.

As a test, I ran an RPC-style request/response workload with 4KB
payloads and receive zerocopy enabled, with 100 simultaneous TCP
connections. I measured perf cycles within the
find_tcp_vma/mmap_read_lock/mmap_read_unlock codepath, with and
without per-vma locking enabled.

When using process-wide mmap semaphore read locking, about 1% of
measured perf cycles were within this path. With per-VMA locking, this
value dropped to about 0.45%.

Signed-off-by: Arjun Roy <[email-masked]>
Reviewed-by: Eric Dumazet <[email-masked]>
---
 MAINTAINERS            |  1 +
 include/linux/net_mm.h |  8 ++++++++
 include/net/tcp.h      |  1 +
 mm/memory.c            |  7 ++++---
 net/ipv4/tcp.c         | 45 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------
 5 files changed, 51 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 include/linux/net_mm.h

diff --git a/MAINTAINERS b/MAINTAINERS
index c6fa6ed454f4..a7c495e3323b 100644
--- a/MAINTAINERS
+++ b/MAINTAINERS
@@ -14727,6 +14727,7 @@ NETWORKING [TCP]
 M:	Eric Dumazet <[email-masked]>
 L:	[email-masked]
 S:	Maintained
+F:	include/linux/net_mm.h
 F:	include/linux/tcp.h
 F:	include/net/tcp.h
 F:	include/trace/events/tcp.h
diff --git a/include/linux/net_mm.h b/include/linux/net_mm.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..a4a3301e05be
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/linux/net_mm.h
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
+#ifdef CONFIG_MMU
+extern const struct vm_operations_struct tcp_vm_ops;
+static inline bool vma_is_tcp(const struct vm_area_struct *vma)
+{
+	return vma->vm_ops == &tcp_vm_ops;
+}
+#endif
diff --git a/include/net/tcp.h b/include/net/tcp.h
index 5066e4586cf0..bfa5e27205ba 100644
--- a/include/net/tcp.h
+++ b/include/net/tcp.h
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@
 #include <linux/memcontrol.h>
 #include <linux/bpf-cgroup.h>
 #include <linux/siphash.h>
+#include <linux/net_mm.h>
 
 extern struct inet_hashinfo tcp_hashinfo;
 
diff --git a/mm/memory.c b/mm/memory.c
index f69fbc251198..3e46b4d881dc 100644
--- a/mm/memory.c
+++ b/mm/memory.c
@@ -77,6 +77,7 @@
 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
 #include <linux/sched/sysctl.h>
+#include <linux/net_mm.h>
 
 #include <trace/events/kmem.h>
 
@@ -5280,12 +5281,12 @@ struct vm_area_struct *lock_vma_under_rcu(struct mm_struct *mm,
 	if (!vma)
 		goto inval;
 
-	/* Only anonymous vmas are supported for now */
-	if (!vma_is_anonymous(vma))
+	/* Only anonymous and tcp vmas are supported for now */
+	if (!vma_is_anonymous(vma) && !vma_is_tcp(vma))
 		goto inval;
 
 	/* find_mergeable_anon_vma uses adjacent vmas which are not locked */
-	if (!vma->anon_vma)
+	if (!vma->anon_vma && !vma_is_tcp(vma))
 		goto inval;
 
 	if (!vma_start_read(vma))
diff --git a/net/ipv4/tcp.c b/net/ipv4/tcp.c
index 8d20d9221238..6240d81476b8 100644
--- a/net/ipv4/tcp.c
+++ b/net/ipv4/tcp.c
@@ -1877,7 +1877,7 @@ void tcp_update_recv_tstamps(struct sk_buff *skb,
 }
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
-static const struct vm_operations_struct tcp_vm_ops = {
+const struct vm_operations_struct tcp_vm_ops = {
 };
 
 int tcp_mmap(struct file *file, struct socket *sock,
@@ -2176,6 +2176,34 @@ static void tcp_zc_finalize_rx_tstamp(struct sock *sk,
 	}
 }
 
+static struct vm_area_struct *find_tcp_vma(struct mm_struct *mm,
+					   unsigned long address,
+					   bool *mmap_locked)
+{
+	struct vm_area_struct *vma = NULL;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PER_VMA_LOCK
+	vma = lock_vma_under_rcu(mm, address);
+#endif
+	if (vma) {
+		if (!vma_is_tcp(vma)) {
+			vma_end_read(vma);
+			return NULL;
+		}
+		*mmap_locked = false;
+		return vma;
+	}
+
+	mmap_read_lock(mm);
+	vma = vma_lookup(mm, address);
+	if (!vma || !vma_is_tcp(vma)) {
+		mmap_read_unlock(mm);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	*mmap_locked = true;
+	return vma;
+}
+
 #define TCP_ZEROCOPY_PAGE_BATCH_SIZE 32
 static int tcp_zerocopy_receive(struct sock *sk,
 				struct tcp_zerocopy_receive *zc,
@@ -2193,6 +2221,7 @@ static int tcp_zerocopy_receive(struct sock *sk,
 	u32 seq = tp->copied_seq;
 	u32 total_bytes_to_map;
 	int inq = tcp_inq(sk);
+	bool mmap_locked;
 	int ret;
 
 	zc->copybuf_len = 0;
@@ -2217,13 +2246,10 @@ static int tcp_zerocopy_receive(struct sock *sk,
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	mmap_read_lock(current->mm);
-
-	vma = vma_lookup(current->mm, address);
-	if (!vma || vma->vm_ops != &tcp_vm_ops) {
-		mmap_read_unlock(current->mm);
+	vma = find_tcp_vma(current->mm, address, &mmap_locked);
+	if (!vma)
 		return -EINVAL;
-	}
+
 	vma_len = min_t(unsigned long, zc->length, vma->vm_end - address);
 	avail_len = min_t(u32, vma_len, inq);
 	total_bytes_to_map = avail_len & ~(PAGE_SIZE - 1);
@@ -2297,7 +2323,10 @@ static int tcp_zerocopy_receive(struct sock *sk,
 						   zc, total_bytes_to_map);
 	}
 out:
-	mmap_read_unlock(current->mm);
+	if (mmap_locked)
+		mmap_read_unlock(current->mm);
+	else
+		vma_end_read(vma);
 	/* Try to copy straggler data. */
 	if (!ret)
 		copylen = tcp_zc_handle_leftover(zc, sk, skb, &seq, copybuf_len, tss);
-- 
2.41.0.162.gfafddb0af9-goog