Subject: [PATCH] udp: optimize bind(0) if many ports are in use

From: Eric Dumazet <[email-masked]>
Date: Mon, 26 Jan 2009 09:20:31 +0100

Hello David

Here is last patch about performance regression of UDP bind() to random port.

Change against previous one is the divide, that can be replaced by a multiply,
as already done in other parts of kernel.

ie instead of doing : "first = rand % remaining + low;" we can use :

first = (((u64)rand * remaining) >> 32) + low;

Also some polishing about too long lines and comments before official submission.

Thank you

[PATCH] udp: optimize bind(0) if many ports are in use

commit 9088c5609584684149f3fb5b065aa7f18dcb03ff
(udp: Improve port randomization) introduced a regression for UDP bind() syscall
to null port (getting a random port) in case lot of ports are already in use.

This is because we do about 28000 scans of very long chains (220 sockets per chain),
with many spin_lock_bh()/spin_unlock_bh() calls.

Fix this using a bitmap (64 bytes for current value of UDP_HTABLE_SIZE)
so that we scan chains at most once.

Instead of 250 ms per bind() call, we get after patch a time of 2.9 ms 

Based on a report from Vitaly Mayatskikh

Reported-by: Vitaly Mayatskikh <[email-masked]>
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <[email-masked]>
Tested-by: Vitaly Mayatskikh <[email-masked]>
---

diff --git a/net/ipv4/udp.c b/net/ipv4/udp.c
index cf5ab05..b7faffe 100644
--- a/net/ipv4/udp.c
+++ b/net/ipv4/udp.c
@@ -120,8 +120,11 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(sysctl_udp_wmem_min);
 atomic_t udp_memory_allocated;
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(udp_memory_allocated);
 
+#define PORTS_PER_CHAIN (65536 / UDP_HTABLE_SIZE)
+
 static int udp_lib_lport_inuse(struct net *net, __u16 num,
 			       const struct udp_hslot *hslot,
+			       unsigned long *bitmap,
 			       struct sock *sk,
 			       int (*saddr_comp)(const struct sock *sk1,
 						 const struct sock *sk2))
@@ -132,12 +135,17 @@ static int udp_lib_lport_inuse(struct net *net, __u16 num,
 	sk_nulls_for_each(sk2, node, &hslot->head)
 		if (net_eq(sock_net(sk2), net)			&&
 		    sk2 != sk					&&
-		    sk2->sk_hash == num				&&
+		    (bitmap || sk2->sk_hash == num)		&&
 		    (!sk2->sk_reuse || !sk->sk_reuse)		&&
 		    (!sk2->sk_bound_dev_if || !sk->sk_bound_dev_if
 			|| sk2->sk_bound_dev_if == sk->sk_bound_dev_if) &&
-		    (*saddr_comp)(sk, sk2))
-			return 1;
+		    (*saddr_comp)(sk, sk2)) {
+			if (bitmap)
+				__set_bit(sk2->sk_hash / UDP_HTABLE_SIZE,
+					  bitmap);
+			else
+				return 1;
+		}
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -160,32 +168,47 @@ int udp_lib_get_port(struct sock *sk, unsigned short snum,
 	if (!snum) {
 		int low, high, remaining;
 		unsigned rand;
-		unsigned short first;
+		unsigned short first, last;
+		DECLARE_BITMAP(bitmap, PORTS_PER_CHAIN);
 
 		inet_get_local_port_range(&low, &high);
 		remaining = (high - low) + 1;
 
 		rand = net_random();
-		snum = first = rand % remaining + low;
-		rand |= 1;
-		for (;;) {
-			hslot = &udptable->hash[udp_hashfn(net, snum)];
+		first = (((u64)rand * remaining) >> 32) + low;
+		/*
+		 * force rand to be an odd multiple of UDP_HTABLE_SIZE
+		 */
+		rand = (rand | 1) * UDP_HTABLE_SIZE;
+		for (last = first + UDP_HTABLE_SIZE; first != last; first++) {
+			hslot = &udptable->hash[udp_hashfn(net, first)];
+			bitmap_zero(bitmap, PORTS_PER_CHAIN);
 			spin_lock_bh(&hslot->lock);
-			if (!udp_lib_lport_inuse(net, snum, hslot, sk, saddr_comp))
-				break;
-			spin_unlock_bh(&hslot->lock);
+			udp_lib_lport_inuse(net, snum, hslot, bitmap, sk,
+					    saddr_comp);
+
+			snum = first;
+			/*
+			 * Iterate on all possible values of snum for this hash.
+			 * Using steps of an odd multiple of UDP_HTABLE_SIZE
+			 * give us randomization and full range coverage.
+			 */
 			do {
-				snum = snum + rand;
-			} while (snum < low || snum > high);
-			if (snum == first)
-				goto fail;
+				if (low <= snum && snum <= high &&
+				    !test_bit(snum / UDP_HTABLE_SIZE, bitmap))
+					goto found;
+				snum += rand;
+			} while (snum != first);
+			spin_unlock_bh(&hslot->lock);
 		}
+		goto fail;
 	} else {
 		hslot = &udptable->hash[udp_hashfn(net, snum)];
 		spin_lock_bh(&hslot->lock);
-		if (udp_lib_lport_inuse(net, snum, hslot, sk, saddr_comp))
+		if (udp_lib_lport_inuse(net, snum, hslot, NULL, sk, saddr_comp))
 			goto fail_unlock;
 	}
+found:
 	inet_sk(sk)->num = snum;
 	sk->sk_hash = snum;
 	if (sk_unhashed(sk)) {